/oi. xvn 



Pat-micr, Our SiiHill Eastern Shrikes. ^d-S 



either knew nothing of a small Shrike occurring north of the 

 Carolinas or that he confused it with the Northern. 



Bonaparte seems to have had no special acquaintance with the 

 Loggerhead. In his 'Observations on the Nomenclature of Wil- 

 son's Ornithology,' he states, ^ " 34. § L. carolmensis, vol. iii., p. 57. 

 This species is peculiar to the southern parts of North America. 

 Vieillot's name of ardosiaceus has the priority, and will, therefore, 

 be adopted." He then gives " L. ludovicianus ? Linn" as a syn- 

 onym of " L. ardosiaceus Vieill." In later publications he adopts 

 Lanius liidoviciainis as the correct name for the Loggerhead. 



Swainson evidently knew nothing by practical experience of 

 the Loggerhead Shrike. Apparently he had no specimens, but 

 used the descriptions of his predecessors in distinguishing his 

 Laiiius cxcnbitofoides from Z. ludoviciamis?- 



Audubon's knowledge of these birds was superior to all others 

 but he fell far short of the real facts. He tells us, "The Logger- 

 head Shrike is partially migratory in Carolina. A few may be 

 found through the winter; but the number is ten times greater in 

 summer."^ He also quotes Wilson as above. Audubon appears 

 never to have suspected that his bird bred in Louisiana, for he 

 says, " Seldom reaching farther eastward than North Carolina, 

 or farther inland than the State of Mississippi, in which latter, as 

 well as in Louisiana, it appears only during the winter months. 

 Its chief residence may, therefore, be looked upon as the Floridas, 

 Georgia, and the Carolinas.""* He also says: "This bird 

 appears in Louisiana only at intervals, and seldom remains more 

 than a few weeks in December or January."^ The original of 

 Audubon's plate was procured by him in Louisiana. 



Professor Baird gave the range of the Loggerliead as " South 

 Atlantic and Gulf States," and of Lanius excubitoroides as 

 " Missouri plains and fur countries to Pacific coast. Eastward 

 into Wisconsin, Illinois, and Michigan (.'').'"' This is the first 



' Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., Ill, V. 



-Fauna Foreali Americana, II, 1S31, 115, pi. 34. 



■'Birds of America, Vol. IV, 1S42, p. 137. 



V, r., p. 135. 



5/. <:., 136. 



«B. N. A., 135S, y-i, 326. 



