°8g3 J Pai.mkk, Our Small Eastern Shrikes. 24O 



Froin Maine, Vermont, and Canada to Minnesota ; southwards into North 

 Carolina and tlie Ohio Vailej to the Plains. Absent in winter from its 

 more northern and higher liabitats and migrating in tlie autumn toward 

 the Athmtic Coast and into the Carolinas, Tennessee, and lower Missis- 

 sippi valley. Breeding almost entirely above the 500-foot contour in the 

 valleys, casually up to about 2000 feet, and to within about 50 miles of 

 the coast in Maine. From Canada and the edges of the plains intergrad- 

 ing into exciibitoroides . ..... . . migrans. 



From the above it will be seen that hulovicianus is a resident of 

 the seaward edge of the coastal plain, ranging up the valleys above 

 the 100-foot contour in suitable places, especially where civiliza- 

 tion has prepared a way. On the other hand, mig7-ans is a resi- 

 dent of the Transition Zone between the Carolinian and the 

 Canadian, affected in some places by the opening up of suitable 

 breeding places by the agency of man. 



In Maine the Migrant Shrike does not seem to be uncommon. 

 Mr. O. W. Knight has recently recorded it from numerous local- 

 ities ^ and informs me that he can always find them in summer. 

 He is sure of its breeding at Hampden, five miles south of Bangor 

 and about 55 miles from the sea. Most of the records I have are 

 breeding records, but the bird does not seem to winter. In New 

 Hampshire and Vermont the bird is locally distributed in suitable 

 places, nearly all of the ten localities I have being of breeding 

 birds. Except one breeding record in northwestern Massachu- 

 setts - the records from that State and from Connecticut, Rhode 

 Island and New Jersey are either of winter visitants or of migrants, 

 though Mr. Stone mentions its probable breeding in southern 

 New Jersey,^ but this may be the southern form. In New V^ork 

 it breeds in most of the middle and western counties, being a 

 migrant or winter resident in the Hudson Valley and on Long 

 Island. In Pennsylvania it breeds in the counties bordering the 

 western boundary, but it is only a migrant or winter visitant in 

 the rest of the State, apparently. I do not know of its breeding 

 in Maryland, though Mr. Kirkwood informs me that in the manu- 



' Bull. Univ. Maine, 1S97. 



-Auk, 1SS7, iSo; Am. Nat. 1SS7, 90. 



^ Birds E. Penu. and N. J., 1S94, 125. 



