142 CRETACEOUS GASTROPODA ~ 
d. Sub-family—BUCCININ 4, Gray (loc. cit. p. 21). 
Genera; 1. Buccinwn,* Linn., 1767. 
2.4 Pseudoliva, Swains. 1840 (Gastridium, Sow.; Gastridia, in Gray’s 
Guide; Sulcobuccinum, D’Orb., 1850, Prod. IT, p. 303). 
The shells of fossil and recent Psewdolive agree in general form rather more with 
Buccinum than with Purpura, with the latter of which the genus has been associated 
by H. and A. Adams and Chenu. 
3. .Buccinopsis, Conrad, 1857, and 
4. Pseudobuccinum, Meek and Hayden, 1857. 
These two genera are founded upon two species from the cretaceous beds of 
North America, and they appear to resemble in general form Buccinum and Pseudoliva. 
5. Haydenia, Gabb, 1864 (Pal. Calif. I, p. 98), is allied to Psendo- 
liva, and probably best classed here. Its general form and anterior canal recall 
some species of the Purpuripz. 
Species which can with sufficient certamty be said to belong to the family 
Buccinrpm# are not known from any beds lower than the jurassic, if we refer to it the 
Buccinum ? oolithicun, Heb. and Desl. (Bull. Soc. Linné. Norm. 1860, V, p. 173, 
Pl. VII, Fig. 14) from Montreuil-Bellay. The species appears to belong to the 
PHOSINE or NAsstv#, although there are no living forms known, which have the 
anterior termination of the aperture and the last whorl so much produced and so 
slightly notched. _ It could quite as well form the type of a new genus. 
The Buc. bidentatum, Buvignier (Stat. de la Meuse, p. 45, Pl. 29, Figs. 14—16) 
from the coral-rag can be quite as well a species of the Carzraip» or Lirrorrwip2. 
The Buc. angulatum, Sow. (Trans. Geol. Soc. Lond., ser. IT, Vol. IV, p. 347, 
Pl. XXIII, Fig. 5) from the Portland-stone belongs to the family Az4r4 (Aporrhais 
or Alaria), and the Buc. naticoide, Sow. (ibid Fig. 4) is said to be a Natica. The 
shell has very much the form of a Péerodonta. The Bue. parvulum, Rom., is 
perhaps identical with Orthostoma Virdunensis Buvign. (Stat. Meuse, Pl. XXXIT 
Fig. 7), but the species looks rather more like a Purpurina. 
Buce. levigatum, Piette, (Bull. Soc. Géol. France, 1856, XIII, p. 595, Pl. XV, 
Figs. 19 and 20) appears to be a true Nassa, or one of the sub-genera. The Buee. 
oliva, Piette (ibid Figs. 17 and 18) is rather more like an incomplete Cylindrites, for 
when the outer lip in any of these forms is broken away, the anterior extremity 
seems to have terminated in a canal, while in reality this appearance is only caused 
by the twisted columella or the plaits on it, and the aperture has in its perfect 
state only the anterior portion of the lip somewhat produced, but not notched. 
Cretaceous species are also very limited in number. From the eocene beds 
about 30 species are known up to the present, which number increases in the 
neogene period to about four times as many, and again trebles itself in the present 
time, as there are about 360 living species of Suvccryipz known. Since the 
* For several species, described by Reeve under Buccinum, as B. cassidarieforme, B. signum, and others, 
A. Adams proposes a new generic name Siphonalia, vide Ann. Mag. nat. hist. 1863, XI, p. 202; the shells are 
stated to have no epidermis, a short, recurved anterior canal, and are otherwise allied to Neptunea; the oper- 
culum is like that of the FUSIN2, 
