OF SOUTHERN INDIA. 151 
typical species of Rapa. This resemblance not only exists among the recent forms, 
but is rather more distinct in the fossil. In fact, when the posterior fold-like tooth, 
the anterior fold of the inner lip and the termination of the canal, are not well 
preserved or only somewhat obliterated, I do not know how to find it possible to 
distinguish these two genera. This resemblance appears to become greater the 
lower we descend in the age of the deposits, and it is the principal reason which I 
can produce in favor of the classification here adopted. 
Hi. and A. Adams refer Tudicla,* to the family Fascrorarup# and Chenu 
retains it in the same. Other conchologists class the few recent species either with 
Pyrula or Murex, and Gray in his last catalogue, 1857, p. 11, calls Tudicla spirilla 
an “unarmed Murex with rudimentary varices” “ (Pyrenella).” There can be no 
question that the shell of Zudicla very much resembles a Murex (the genus, as 
restricted), but certainly the total want of varices is something very distinct; as 
regards that poimt the shell has evidently more relation to Rapa, which opinion 
seems to have been suggested already in 1851 by Dr. J. Miller. We cannot 
expect a final decision on this and other similar points until the animal and the oper- 
eulum of Zudicla have been made known. The affinities to Pyrula must be 
dropped, and this the more, as there is scarcely anything for which the name Pyrula 
can be retained. The name itself will probably disappear after a little time from 
our conchological lists altogether. The cretaceous species belonging to this genus 
have been noticed previously ; their total number amounts to about six. 
1.—Tvpicta Eximta, Stoliczka. Pl. XII, Figs. 5-8. 
Tud. testa spira brevissima; anfractibus quinis, ultimo maximo, ventricoso, prope 
suturam tumescente, postice lente excavato, antice applanato, ad peripheriam bicarinato ; 
carina superna fortiori, nonnunquam obsolete-nodulosa (infra quam interdum carina 
altera, tenwior sita est) ; superficie levigata seu distanter spiraliter striata ; rostro 
antice (/) prolongato; apertura fere circulari, intus levigata; labro ad marginem 
obsolete undulato ; labio callosissimo ; wmbilico aperto. 
The form of the shell seems so far pretty constant that the spire is never much 
elevated, and the last whorl embraces all the previous. There are at least two keels 
present on its periphery, the upper of which is stronger. Some specimens have 
only one keel below the two primaries, and a second anterior one indicated (Fig. 6) ; 
others have a keel below each of the primaries (Fig.5). In large specimens (Fig. 7) 
the keels become almost obsolete towards the aperture, where the strize of growth 
are much more strongly developed; these occasionally cause the appearance of slight 
tuberculations on the uppermost keel, and are always distinctly marked on the shell. 
The surface is besides sometimes covered with distant spiral strie, which are very 
fine, but also disappear near the aperture. 
* H.and A. Adams propose for two species T. spinosa and armigera a new generic name, Tudicula, which ought to be 
distinguished by spinous varices and three columellar plaits, and is most nearly allied to Turbinella. The form of the columella 
is not particularly alluded to, whether it is flattened or not, but from the existence of numerous columellar plaits it is likely 
to be different from that of Tudicla (vide Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853, p. 429). 
