OF SOUTHERN INDIA. 23 



i-.—P/i. Conineliana, d'Orb., is very likely also a Martesia, and the same must be said (if tlie 

 three tbl lowing species — 



5-7.— P/*. conslricta, Phil, PL suhci/lindrica, d'Orb., and Ph. Rhoclani, Pict. 



'^- — Pf'- Sancfa-crucis, Pictet, may be a Parapholas, with two middle furrows. 



9-11.— Ryckholt in his "Melanges paleont." (I. pt., 1853, pp. 114-117,) describes from the 

 upper cretaceous beds of Belgium three species, Ph. supracretacea, Ni/stiana, and Kickxiana. The first 

 one may ])e a species of Jouannelia, and the last is said to differ slightly from it. Ph. Nptiana 

 has very much the form and character of the sub-generic type Anchomasa of the genus Bariiea 

 (see an tea p. 21). 



12.— An interesting new species, Ph. reticulata, was described by Miiller (Suppl. Petr. Aachner 

 Kreidef., 1859, p. 15, pi. 7, fig. 17,) from the Senonien beds of Aachen; it has the general form 

 of a Martesia. 



13. — PhoJas Waldheimii, d'Orb., I have already noticed when speaking of the genus Timws 

 (p. 19). 



14-20. — Meek in his Check-list of N. American cretaceous fossils quotes,- beside the tluee 

 species previously (p. 19) recorded under Xi/lophageUa, Goniochasma, and Turnus,- Ilartesia ? cuneata, 

 Meek and Hayd., Pholas cithara, Mort., and Ph. cretacea, Gabb, (see Smith. Misc. Coll., No. 177, 

 1864, p. 16). Gabb in his Palseont. of California, I, p. 145, describes Martesia clausa from the 

 cretaceous beds of California. 



Ph. sclerotites, Geinitz, (Quadersandsteingebirge 1850, p. 144), can from the present known 

 description scarcely be acknowledged as a species of the Piioladw^e. The author quotes it also 

 from the Upper Greensand of England, but does not state the authority for the reference. 



There are, including three new species from our Sth. Indian rocks, and excluding several doubt- 

 ful forms, at the present 2-3 species of ptioladlvjs known from cretaceous deposits. The Indian 

 species are Turims lapidarius, Martesia tundens, and Parapholas mersa. Only a few specimens of 

 each of these species have been found, but they do not seem to be rare, though very local. There 

 is great difficulty in extracting the specimens from the fossilised wood, or stone, in a fit state for 

 description. 



II. TURNUS, Gabb, 1864, (see p. 19). 

 1. TuRNUS LAPIDARIUS, StoUczka, PI. I, Fig. 6. 



Tnr. testa sub-ovata, inflata, timbonibits anticis, incurvatis, auricula anteriori 

 parva instructa, infra auriculam late hianti, postice subrotmiclata, fere clausa; 

 casta niedkma ab wnbonihiis ad peripheriam decnrrente tenui, sed valde prominenti, 

 altera postica latlore p)eripheriam versus fere obsoleta. Tidmlis prolongatis, testacels, 

 temidms, clavatis, in superficie transversaliter rugulosis. 



The shell of tliis species is chiefly characterized by the very small anterior 

 aiu-icle, the thin and sharp central ril), and the shallow and broader posterior rib ; 

 the latter becomes nearly obsolete towards the periphery. The ventral end of the 

 central area is roun led, not terminating with a thickened boss, as usual in Teredo. 

 The tubes are of n thin shelly structm'e, transversally minutely rugose and increase 

 rather rapidly in thickness. The species was found boring in sandstone without 

 any trace of wood ; t lie tubes seem to be in their original position, not loose, and 

 accidently buried in the mud. 



Locality. — Odium ; rare ; in yellowish calcareous sandstone. 



Formation. — Ootatoor group. 



