OF SOUTHERN INDIA. 285 



25-26.— O/M replet.a and Opisoma Genitziana, n. sp., are found in the lower series of the South 

 Indian cretaceous deposits. 



Astarte (see Pictet and Campiehe, 1. eit., p. 316). 



There are particularly three genera of shells, Q/jrJMer/aj Bosinia, and Eriphi/la (see p. 156), 

 with which fossils of the iorm^ oi Astarte can easily be confounded, when the internal structure of 

 those fossils is not well preserved. Eriphyla especially seems to be largely represented among the 

 fossil Astarte, as recorded at the present time, and probably all the species which have an indication 

 of a posterior pallial sinus belong to the former genus ; they can scarcely be referred to Astarte, for 

 the single anal opening which the animal of this last possess lies behind the posterior muscular 

 scar, but not below it, where the formation of a sinus, if present, must be due to the development 

 of muscles supporting a branchial siphon, or at least a special branchial opening ; neither of these 

 are, however, present in Astarte. 



27-31. — A. gigantea, helvetica, Beaumonti, transversa, and Moreana are probably all species of 

 Eriphyla ; the inequilateral shape and large size of the shells does not agree with Astarte. 



32-44. — A. Valangiensis, pseiidostriata,* illunata, Germani, Marcouana, Icaiinensis, disparilis, 

 Esserteiisis,f subcostata,% numismalis, subformosa, Fittoni, subacuta are all neocomien species, mostly 

 of a characteristic sub-triangular form. 



45. — A. swbdetifata is a Gouldia. 



46-47. — A. elongata^ and sinuata ; the former is much elongated, but in other respects true to 

 the type ; it has not the oblique hinge-teeth of Praconia. 



48. — A. .^discus is probably a Cyprimeria, or rather an Eriphyla, as it appears to possess a deep 

 lunule. 



49. — A. Astieriana. 



50-52. — A. obovata, Bucki, and Imnis are species of Eriphyla. 



53. — A. Bupiniana ? may be a Cyprimeria. 



54-55. — A. Rhodani and Sabaudiana have apparently the deep lunule, and the first also the 

 small pallial sinus, of Eriphyla. 



56. — A. Alobrogensis is probably a Grotriania. 



57-58. — A. Bellona and Picteliana. 



59-60. — A. striata (Koninckii, D'Areh.,)l| and eoneinna are species of Eriphyla ; they are both 

 from Blackdown and most likely one and the same species. 



61. — A. formosa, i' a Gouldia. 



62. — A. multistriata. I do not know a single genus of the ASTARTID^ in which to place this 

 remarkable shell ; the radiating striation between the concentric lamellae and the large circumscribed 

 lunula strongly suggest a comparison with Venus, particularly the species of the sub-genus Chione 

 (Fenerid^, p. 148). 



63. — A. Gueratigeri (see Gueranger, Album Pal. de la Sarthe, 1867, pi. xvi, fig. 6,) also does 

 not appear to be an Astarte ; the shell should be compared with Lucinopsis (TELLlNWJi, p. 121). 



64. — A. angulata, Gueranger, (Alb. pal., 1. cit., pi. xvi, fig. 5,) is a Gouldia. 



65. — A. granum. Math., sp., (Venus id., Cat. org. foss., p. 153, pi. 15, figs. 7-8). The con- 

 vexity of the shell, noticed in Mather on's description, would suggest that the species rather belongs 

 to Lucina than to Astarte. 



* A. suhstriata, Leym., apud Eichwald, 1. cit., p. 631. 



t Rech. Geol. de la Savoie, &c., par A. Favre, tome i, 1867, p. 377, pi. C, fig. 11. 



X This is A. latkosta of Deshayes apud Leymerie. Eichwald (Leth. ross., lOem Hvr., p. 627,) quotes it under 

 that name from the so-called neocomien beds near Khoroschowo. Deshayes in a letter to Zittel suggests to call it 

 ie^meWi, which must give way to d'Orbigny's name (see Denksch. Akad., Wien, xxiv, 1865, pt. ii, p. 156, and 

 also Coquand, Monog. Etage Aptien, 1865, p. 126). 



§ Ast. jRcemeri, Rouill., apud Eichwald, Leth. ross., 10<"" livr., p. 630. 



II Erore typico Konducki, d'Arch., apud Eichwald, Leth. ross., 10'"> hvr., p. 633. 



