DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF PASSENGER STEAMERS. 285 



hand of the ignorant savagery that breaks out in humanity at intervals, furnishes us with 

 a weahh of background to work on. The masters of all the ages have left work for us to 

 admire and beat if we can. From Persia, Egypt, Greece, Rome, Italy, France and Europe 

 generally do we inherit. The classic styles of Greece and Rome lead on to the Gothic and 

 the later periods of Italian and French Renaissance, the Tudor, the Dutch, the periods of 

 the Louis, the Regency, Empire, Adam, and Colonial ; then, too, China and Japan have con- 

 tributed their share. With the masterpieces of all the ages to draw from, we would be poor 

 indeed if, while working out new ideas and adaptations, we fail to give credit to the sources 

 of inspiration. 



The latest word in large liner decoration that the public has had a chance to see is that 

 of the Paris of the French Line; a visit to this ship leaves no doubt as to the artistic ability 

 of the French designers and decorators. She is very much of the dimensions of the Maure- 

 tania. Large 'tween-deck heights prevail; in the upper public rooms extra height has been 

 obtained by extending the central part up several feet. With the general scheme of deco- 

 ration it is hard to find fault, though our friends of the plain and simple school had better 

 travel on some other ship ; the ornamentation is in excellent taste, the result being magnifi- 

 cence without gaudiness. The large windows in the public rooms give one the impression 

 of a palace rather than a ship; they are protected by the outer windows enclosing the 

 promenade. 



EXTENT AND ARRANGEMENT OF PUBLIC ROOMS. 



The arrangement which is popular in sheltered water ships of wide passages with seats, 

 writing tables, etc., running along inside the staterooms, often with large wells at intervals, 

 is not adapted to seagoing liners. 



The arrangement which works out best in oceangoing ships gives dining rooms on the 

 lowest passenger deck with galleys and pantries around the casings and extending full width, 

 the other public rooms being arranged on the top deck, opening one from the other and with 

 wide passages or galleries between, enabling the best all-roimd result to be obtained. 



The dining rooms thus occupy decks the least desirable for staterooms, the other public 

 rooms can be built with coach-top effect, enabling rooms of 10 and 11 feet head room to be 

 obtained ; decorative effects impossible of attainment in the ordinary 'tween deck at once be- 

 come possible, comfort is increased and the ship popularized. 



A dome over the dining saloon with exhaust fans is a most important contribution to 

 comfort, coolness, lighting and decoration. Some large prewar liners have winter gardens 

 two full decks in height, a most magnificent arrangement but also a most extravagant one. 



Many have arrangements for dancing indoors as well as on deck, promenade decks with 

 fully enclosed sides give excellent facilities for dancing, but some large liners go further and 

 arrange the lounge so that the central part can be cleared and a ball room of the best ob- 

 tained, with orchestra gallery at one end and ample seating on all sides. 



Some idea of the extensive character of the public rooms of a larg-e liner may be ob- 

 tained from the following, without by any means exhausting the list: Dining rooms, res- 

 taurant or cafe, winter garden, smoking room, card room, library, lounge, ball room, writing 

 room, entrances and lobbies, stairways, drawing room, children's dining room, nursery, gym- 

 nasium, Turkish bath, barber shop, information bureau, ticket, etc., office, galleries, verandas, 

 swimming pool, candy, etc., store. 



It is not to be understood that all these rooms can be found in any one ship; they are 



