2IO ACTIVE TYPE OE STABILIZING GYRO. 



location, as it is found to operate equally well in the lowest part of the ship 

 and is entirely independent of symmetry as to disposition in relation to the 

 ship's center of oscillation. The gyro precessions being under individual 

 control, each is rendered effective with full force. The action is thus inces- 

 sant with no intermissions, whereas the sea is not consistent, sometimes 

 delivering and sometimes absorbing energy from the ship, as seen in the 

 rolling diagrams. This persistent and incessant action, always in the right 

 direction, not waiting for the period but working more rapidly than the 

 period, constitutes another explanation of the smallness of the necessary 

 plant. In modern ships of low M. G. it is found that the active gyro equip- 

 ment will represent only a fraction of one per cent of the displacement. 



The gyros were built with vacuum casings, as shown in Fig. 8, Plate 8i. 



Ordinary babbitted bearings with a new system of oil distribution were 

 employed. 



The gyro equipment of the Worden contains the most powerful plant 

 thus far constructed and the first with the spinning axis lying in their natural 

 position, namely, horizontal. 



The spindle is of high tensile steel by the Midvale Company, hardened 

 and ground, resting at its ends in journals contained in centers of two half- 

 ring castings standing vertically in the figure; these are bolted together at 

 top and bottom where they receive the vertical gudgeons and support the 

 circular vacuum case in cast iron. The gudgeons on the vertical axis, one 

 directly above and one directly below the gyro, are spherically seated bear- 

 ings supplied with grease cups. The lower of these bearings is provided 

 with a thrust for supporting the weight. Vacuum glands surround the shaft 

 on each side as shown in Fig. 8. The wheels are spun by small induction 

 motors with friction drive of about two inches in width. These drives are 

 found to work with about one per cent slip only. At the base of the gyro is 

 a four-foot combined cable and braking drum with the braking surface above. 



The gyros were placed in A-shaped towers, as shoviTi in Fig. 9, Plate 82, 

 at either side upon the deck, amidships, and between them there is a small, 

 twin-cylinder steering engine driving a cable drum, made by the Hyde Wind- 

 less Company, of Bath, Me. This is shown in Fig. 12a, Plate 84; Fig. 126, 

 Plate 85; and Fig. 13, Plate 86. 



This precession engine is provided with the usual control and reversing 

 pilot valve. The crank pin discs are provided with brakes, the arrangement 

 being such that the brakes are set when the pilot valve is in its central 

 position, the brakes being immediately released when steam is again admitted 

 to the cylinder in either direction. This engine was also provided with the 

 usual automatic for preventing over-running in either direction. To the 



