DEVELOPMENTS IN OIL BURNING. 



251 



an excellent example of the use of the helical passage for giving the liquid a 

 whirling motion. 



Another adaptation of the same idea is shown in a patent taken out in 

 England in 1899 by Mr. James Howden (Fig. 4). 



Fig. 4. — Nozzle of Howden Burner. 



He refers to heating the oil by means of live or exhaust steam or the 

 waste gases, pumping it into an accumulator or air receiver for neutralizing 

 the pulsations of the pump, and then projecting the oil into the furnace in 

 the form of fine jets or spray by passing it through a nozzle which he de- 

 scribes as having helical grooves on a part of the spindle within the nozzle, so 

 as to impart a whirling motion to the oil. Howden's burner is adjustable in 

 that the taper spindle moves "up and down" in the taper passage leading to 

 the nozzle orifice. This movement of the spindle increases or decreases the 

 area of the outlet passage, thus controlling the amount of oil delivered by the 

 burner, but the helical passage is not affected. The single claim of the patent 

 covers the combination of the adjustable nozzle "encircled by an adjustable 

 annular opening through which the air for combustion, supplied by a fan or 

 blower and heated by the waste gases from the boiler, issues and mixes with 

 the oil jets as they enter the furnace. " 



Fig. 5. — Jones Burner. 



Howden does not claim the atomizer, and its similarity to the Schiitte- 

 Koerting burner shown in Fig. 35 is suggestive. The Schiitte-Koerting 

 burner, however, is not adjustable. 



