DEVELOPMENTS IN OIL BURNING. 275 



together. Neither of these schemes seemed to promise very much in the 

 way of material for development. Another form which does seem to possess 

 some merit, however, is illustrated in Fig. 17. This consists of a means 

 for giving the oil a rapid whirling motion as in the case of the round flame 

 burner and then releasing the liquid through a slot in the side of the tip 

 in a plane at right angles with the axis of revolution instead of through 

 an orifice concentric with the axis. It is apparent that centrifugal force 

 will here come into action as an atomizing agent but that the spray will be 

 flat instead of conical. So far as I know, the only flat flame mechanical 

 atomizer which has been put on the market is that brought out by the 

 Schutte-Koerting Company, and installed by them on the U. S. S. Utah. 

 This burner is simplicity itself — a very considerable advantage — and the 

 spray is excellent at low powers. About the only limitation which I have 

 been able to discover in this burner is the fact that at anything over about 

 100 pounds of oil delivered per hour the spray loses its finely diffused 

 character. The above installation was made under the direction of Mr. 

 Luther D. Lovekin, a member of this Society, whose various successes in 

 burning oil fuel are too well known to require any mention here. I feel 

 sure that if Mr. Lovekin would give his attention to this attractive little 

 flat flame atomizer he would be able to make it a real factor in the art. 



AIR DISTRIBUTERS. 



While I have indicated some of the various air-distributing devices 

 used in the experiments above described, it seems advisable to group these 

 together with illustrations of some of the principal types which have been 

 tried out. 



Great delicacy is required in introducing the air for combustion, very 

 slight changes affecting the results in unsuspected ways, and while almost 

 any method may result in smokeless combustion, maximum economy and 

 capacity can only be secured by careful and intelligent design. 



It is not necessary to give the air a whirhng motion but, judging from 

 our rather exhaustive experiments, better gas analyses are secured, lower 

 air pressures are required, and less refinement of adjustment is needed if 

 the air is brought into contact with the oil spray with the right sort of a 

 twist. We have found the impeller plate illustrated in Fig. 11, Plate 97, 

 most effective in accomplishing this mixture, and our most satisfactory 

 results have been obtained with it. 



We have, however, experimented with the following forms, some of 

 which will be familiar to you : — 



