99 



lackint; ihcri'fore on most of the installalions. Tlie records whicli the Committee has 

 been able to olitain are gi\-en in the Service Record tabuhition. If jtiling is propei-ly 

 treatetl In' these processes and is not damaged by careless handling, and if its use is 

 limited to locations protected against serious storm action, a life averaging from five 

 to eight years may be obtained. In certain cases a life of several years more than that 

 above given has been secured; but this has not yet been shown to be dependable. 

 Unless the above precautions are observed, not even the average life given can be 

 e.\pected. 



Abandoned Processes 



The Key West Armor Process was a process reported to have been used in 1889 

 on piles for the Fremont Street wharf, San Francisco. The process consisted of painting 

 the piles with bituminous matter, wrapping with 9-ounce can\as, and fastening the 

 canvas on W'ith nails 4 inches apart, applying another coat of bituminouscompoimd 

 and finally coating wdth coral sand. The results were not satisfactory, the protection 

 lasting only about three months. So far as is known, the process was never used again. 



The Perfection process was sponsored by a Mr. H. L. Rood. Piles protected 

 by this process were installed in several locations on the .San Francisco waterfront in 

 1894. The process consisted in mounting the pile in a huge lathe and wTapping it 

 spirally w'ith burlap, which was wound on to the revoKing pile from a cauldron of hot 

 tar or asphalt in which it had soaked. To hold the burlap in place a heavy wire w'as 

 then wound around the pile in a reverse spiral. The wire soon cut through the burlap, 

 which fell away and left the pile exposed to borer attack. The process was finally 

 abandoned. 



P.\R.\FinNK Paint Process 



This process, controlled by the Paraffine Companies, Inc., has been in use to 

 some extent since 1889. In 1892, 1151 piles for the Powell Street pier, San Francisco, 

 were coated by this process, and there have been numerous installations since that 

 time. The details of the treatment of the Powell Street piles are not given, but in 

 1911 the following specifications covering their process were furnished to the U. S. 

 Forest Service by the Parafifine Paint Company (now the Parafiine Companies, Inc.). 

 This description is gi\'en, and the process rather fully discussed, as being in the opinion 

 of the Committee, fairly representative of the better protections of this class which 

 are still on the market. 



"The piles having bfeen delivered in some convenient place for coating will 

 first be barked the distance they are to be protected and all knots and projec- 

 tions on the above mentioned part of the pile removed. 



"The barked portion of the pile wdll then be given a heavy coat of 

 P. & B. Pile Paint, care being taken to fill all checks and to cover all surfaces 

 thoroughly. P. & B. Pile Covering will then be closely fitted around the pile, 

 and all laps well cemented with P. & B. Paint and nailed with 134 in- gal- 

 vanized nails, not more than l^o in. between nail centers. Where necessary 

 a double row of nails will be driven. This pile covering will then be given a 

 heavy coat of P. & B. Asphalt, into which will be imbedded a close fitting 

 lagging of redwood battens, 2 in. by T6^ in., nailed on alternate edges with six 

 penny galvanized wire nails, not more than 9 in. between nail centers, ends 

 of battens to be double nailed. This lagging is then to be given a heavy 

 coat of P. & B. Asphalt, care being taken to fill all spaces between battens 

 and to give the finished surface as smooth an appearance as possible. 



"As above finished the pile will be ready for removal and dri\-ing." 



