of 60 the predominant variation was in an east-^vest direction, clilorinities 

 increasing from 17.00 °/oo or less along the itla&tan shore to raaxiiiiuia values 

 of i.bove 18,00 °/oo a short distance from the East Siberian coast. Inshore 

 values had di'opped beiow:17,50 °/oo duo to the fresh water drainage from 

 land. Inflo'vV from the Yukon, which drains over 330,000 square milos of 

 territory, and tho Kuskofe'im Rivers ozplainod the low chlorinitios along 

 the Alaskan coast. The relative distribution of chlorinity for subsurface 

 levels dovm to 50 motors T/as similar to that at tho surface, but the concen- 

 trations yore higher. As vrith isotherms, iscchlors parL^llelod roughly the 

 bottom contours. 



The vcrtico.l distribution of toirpcraturo and chlorinity varied con- 

 siderably v/ith location. Average values for 11 stations of under 30 meters 

 in depth in xTorton Sound shoY/ed a uniform temperature gradient with com- 

 paratively high temperatures extending to depths of 20 meters: 



The Chlorinitios shovrod the effect of surface dilution from tho Yukon Rivor, 

 See especially the data for stations /::8, 29', 58, and 59 in Table I. 

 The Tvaters at a number of stations near the Alaskan coast were ?/ell mixed 

 from top to bottom. This was true of the stations near Nunivak Island, for 

 example stations 23 to 25 in Section III and stations 91 and 92 of Section 

 XI. At these stations, the water had been so recently mixed that little 

 evidence of the normal surface warming was found, temperatures being practi- 

 callythe same at all depths. 



In general the shallow waters in central and v/estern Berii^g Sea 

 north of the Pribilof Islands, were divided into two distinct thermal laj^ers 

 separated by a transition zone of varying thickness. Tho upper warmer layer 

 was of lower chlorinity than the cold bottom water. This condition is well 

 illustrated by data from stations 95 to 98. in Section XII and stations 18 / 

 to 20 of Section III. At these stations the water of the first 10 motors 

 beloT/ the surface lay in one homogonoous layer, and that below 25 meters 

 lay in another having entirely different properties. At Station 97 the 

 sharp temperature drop and chlorinity increase.-occured within a space of 

 five meters. The vjater had a temperature of 8.35° C. and a chlorinity of 

 17.56 '-'/oo at 20 meters as contrasted to 3.53° C. and 17.86 °/oo at 25 meters. 

 For most of the stations between St. Matthew and St. Lawrence Islands 

 (Section X), the greatest changes in temperature and concentration took 

 place between the depths of 10 and 25 meters. At stations 68 and 69 betvreen 

 St. Lawrence Island and Siberia (Section IX), the transition zone centered 

 about a depth of 10 meters, whereas at Station 70A of the same section, the 

 entire change had occured between the surface and 10 meters. 



At stations 39 and 50 mentioned previously as h:-ving exceptionally 

 low surface temperritures, tomperaturQ- and chlorinity claangas from top to 

 bottom were small, less than 1.5° C. and 0.10 o/oo respectively. This water 

 had evidently undergone vory recent mixing. A comparison of the data at 

 Station 50 with that of other stations in Ilorth Bering Sea shows the 

 temperature to be too low and the chlorinity too high for water originating 



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