38 
0.08 
(a) Fram Strait 
0.07 
0.06 
0.05 
0.04 
OUTFLOW (Sv) 
0.03 
(b) Bering Strait 
0.010 
OUTFLOW (Sv) 
9° 
5 
1950 55 60 65 70 75 80 
YEAR 
Fig. 4. Annual ice outflow (Sy) through (a) Fram Strait and (b) Bering Strait. Positive values 
represent new outflow, negative value represents net inflow during January-December, inclusive. 
