4 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 81 
is 48 meters (150 feet) above the river. Its gravelly slopes are very steep, so that 
for defense and observation the position was well chosen. 
This pueblo was built of adobe, with thin plates of sandrock intercalated in 
some places. An average of 41 rooms measured gave 2.5 by 3.7 m. (84 by 12 
feet). The number of stories was certainly two, and in some places three. One 
single estufa is still visible. The long structures of the pueblo surround two good- 
sized courtyards or ‘‘squares,’’ and rows of stones set on edge form appendixes to 
several of the mounds. 
Nearly on the brink of the slope toward the river, between two mounds and form- 
ing the northeast angle of the principal square, stand the remains of a round watch- 
tower. It is connected with the buildings next toit by rows of stones forming little 
rectangles in one place, as if a few garden plots had extended between the tower 
and the nearest mound on that side.” 
In a footnote on page 56 of the same report Bandelier further 
states: ‘‘It is also interesting to note that ruins on the Chama were 
also noticed in 1776 by that remarkable monk, Fray Silvestre Velez 
de Escalante, during his trip to the Moqui Indians by way of the 
San Juan country. See his Diario of that journey, and the Carta al 
P. Morfi, April 2, 1778 (par. 11).” 
The following persons composed the personnel of the expedition: 
J. A. Jeancon, in charge; Don. L. Jeancon, assistant; four Santa 
Clara Indians, Aniceto Swaso, foreman. Through the courtesy of 
Dr. Edgar L. Hewett, Mr. Wesley G. Bradfield, of the School of 
American Research, Santa Fe, N. Mex., spent the first two weeks with 
us and was of invaluable assistance. Later he came out again, accom- 
panied by Mr. Kenneth Chapman, also of the school, and spent sev- 
eral days with us. The expedition was in the field from June 30 to 
August 20, 1919. Much of the success of the expedition is due to 
the interest of my Indian friends who did the excavating. With the 
greatest care they worked in the masses of fallen walls which filled 
the rooms. Many hours were spent in digging with trowels, where 
it was impossible to dig in any other way. Often after supper, when 
the day’s work was done, they would ask permission to go back and 
work an hour or two, in the cool of the evening, and many of our 
best finds were made at this time. Great care was exercised in 
taking out the objects, and they were as happy as I was when an 
especially good specimen was found. I heartily commend them for 
the good work done. My sincerest thanks are due Mr. Otto T. 
Mallery, of Philadelphia, for financing the expedition, and who, by 
his interest in the progress of the project, was a constant source of 
inspiration for greater endeavor. I am also indebted to Dr. J. 
Walter Fewkes, Chief of the Bureau of American Ethnology; Prof. 
W.H. Holmes, Head Curator of Anthropology, National Museum; 
Dr. Mitchell Carroll; Mr. Paul A. F. Walter, Secretary of the School 
2Bandelier, Papers of the Archeological Institute of America. Final Report of Investigations 
among the Indians of the Southwestern United States, pt. 0, pp. 56-57. 
