JEANCON ] EXCAVATIONS IN THE CHAMA VALLEY 19 
The serrated edge of one type of flake (pl. 14, A) has sometimes 
caused it to be called a “firestone,’”’ and the manner in which it was 
used is the same as striking flint and steel to produce a spark. There 
is, of course, a possibility that such was its use, but after a careful 
examination and finding the shape adapted to the hand, it seems 
safe to suggest that some of them were used as saws. This type of 
cutting edge would be good for cutting bone, wood, and,other mate- 
rials of a similar nature. 
The larger leaf-shaped cutting edge could have had a twofold pur- 
pose, namely, that of cuttimg with the keen edge and scraping by 
holding the flake sidewise. (Pl. 14, B.) 
Round-bladed examples occur (pl. 14, C) and present no suggestion 
as to their specific use. 
The amount of work spent on the specimen Plate 14, £, shows plainly 
that it was not a reject but was used. Its specific use is conjectural, 
but it adapts itself very well to the scraping off of bits of flesh and 
hair from a fresh hide. 
Both of the specimens shown in Plate 14, A, F, could be readily 
fitted with handles and thus form crude but effective knives. 
POINTED STONES 
A number of pointed stones were found. (PI.14,D.) All of them 
are too small to be used as ‘‘coup-points”’ such as are mentioned by 
Warren K. Moorehead and Henry F. Osborn, but, fitted with handles, 
would prove very good weapons in hand-to-hand fighting. 
FLAKED AND FINISHED STONE IMPLEMENTS 
KNIVES 
The flaked stone knives (pl. 15, A) show plainly their character and 
purpose, and although no blades with handles were found in this 
ruin, yet it is safe to assume that at one time they had handles. 
The forms of these vary from typical blades to some that are more 
or less eccentric. 
JAVELIN POINTS 
The name ‘‘javelin points’? has been given to the type shown in 
Plate 15, B, as they are too small for a full-sized spearhead and too 
large for an arrowhead. They range from 63 to 89 mm. in length. 
ARROWHEADS 
These present no new features. There is a great variety of form, 
ranging from ordinary notched to triangular, leaf-shaped, and ser- 
rated edged heads. (Pl. 16.) The materials used in making them 
were obsidian, quartz, and agate. 
