JHANCON] EXCAVATIONS IN THE CHAMA VALLEY 37 
things, others just pat and play with it, making holes with their fin- 
gers or indenting it with the thumb nail. Sometimes the talk or story 
is most interesting and we sort of forget what we are doing and then, 
maybe, we make something like thislump. So you see that it really 
does not mean anything.” (Pl. 36, B.) 
One of the clays is heavy and greasy, very much like the old-fash- 
ioned ‘“‘tailor’s chalk’? This is gray in color and seems to contain 
little or no sand and to be just as it came from the quarry. It 
may have been used as a base for some of the more porous pastes, 
with mixtures of sand, very fine quartz pebbles, or mica. Bits of 
the same kind of clay were also found in almost white and light yellow 
colors. The fine texture and soapy feel of these would indicate a 
very high grade of clay, which was no doubt used for the finer wares 
with a slight mixture of other materials. 
A fairly large quantity of reddish-brown clay was found. While 
this is not as fine in texture as the clays described above, it is quite 
pure and seems unmixed with any foreign substance. 
It contains a very small percentage of sand, which appears to 
belong with it in the natural state. None of the above mentioned 
were subjected to heat tests, as they seem to be the raw material 
before mixture. 
So far as could be determined there were no traces that ground-up 
pottery was used asa temper. The only tempers observed were very 
fine white quartz pebbles and mica, if the latter can be called a temper. 
From every evidence at hand it is safe to say that coiling was the 
only technique employed in the making of the pottery. Even the 
smallest pieces show some of this process. 
CHRONOLOGY OF THE Po-sHu POTTERY 
The chronology of the Po-shu pottery as given in this paper is only 
tentative and may be at fault in some respects, but I believe that it 
is the best that can be given at present. 
Period. Percentage found. 
Formative period (pre-Pueblo).-........ Very small per cent. 
Late blackand white... 222222 1222.22% Very small per cent. 
Hard coiled ware (grayish-black)....... Only a few sherds. 
Soft black cooking ware (coiled)........ Large per cent. 
Biscuit ware (black decoration)........- Early types: Undecorated and crudely dec- 
orated; very sandy paste. 
Middle types: Better decorated; paste better. 
Late types: Good decorations and good paste, 
The entire biscuit-ware group is represented 
in large per cent. 
Incised ware, strong paste.............. Large per cent. 
Red ware with black glazed decoration..Fair percentage on the surface, smaller in 
the rooms. Probably not native to Po-shu. 
Two-colored red ware with black glazed Very small per cent. Probably not native to 
decoration. Po-shu, 
