46 BUREAU OF AJMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bdll. 176 



FORT LOOKOUT MILITARY AND TRADING 

 POSTS (39LM57) 



The site of Fort Lookout Military and Trading Posts was investi- 

 gated in 1950 by a Smithsonian Institution reconnaissance party under 

 the leadership of Thomas R. Garth. The two posts were assigned a 

 single site number, as their locations were contiguous. However, it 

 must be pointed out that Mattes' researches (Mattes, 1949) have indi- 

 cated that the two, while situated contiguously, where slightly separate 

 in location. Of course, they were also separate in time by more than 

 a quarter of a century. 



Site 39LM57, referring to both posts, lies in pastureland, bounded 

 by two small streams, on the south boundary of the Lower Brule 

 Indian Reservation in Lyman County, S. Dak. (map 1). Further 

 excavations were conducted at this site in 1951 by a second Smithsonian 

 Institution field party, under the leadership of Carl F. IMiller. The 

 archeological data of Fort Lookout are reported by Miller, in Paper 

 No. 17 in the present series of papers dealing with historic sites archeol- 

 ogy. Miller also presents some documentary data supplemental to 

 Mattes' previous reports and consequently details pertaining to this 

 site need not be repeated here. 



FORT HALE (39LM52) 



Fort Hale, originally established at the Lower Brule Indian Agency, 

 was relocated on the fii-st terrace of the right bank of the Missouri 

 River, 13 miles upriver from Oacoma in Lyman County, S. Dak. 

 (map 1). The site was investigated by a Smithsonian Institution re- 

 connaissance party in 1950 under the leadership of Thomas R. Garth. 

 At that time it was ascertained that m^ost of the building sites and 

 parade ground had been washed into the river. A number of cellar 

 depressions were still visible as were also sections of graveled walkways 

 that were raised a foot or more above the terrace plane. Artifactual 

 materials collected here in 1950 by Garth consisted of wrought-iron 

 nails, a strap hinge, a leather shoe sole, a glass button, a piece of cut 

 bone, and miscellaneous fragments of iron, eathenware, china, bottle 

 glass, window glass, and wall plaster. 



The writer visited the site in the summer of 1952 and found that its 

 last remnants had been destroyed by the Missouri River flood of the 

 same year. 



FORT RECOVERY 



A site of major historic importance in the neighborhood of American 

 Island near Oacoma is Fort Recovery. The historic references to this 

 site are extremely confusing as has been demonstrated by Mattes' exten- 



