PAP.^No.' 18]' ^0^'^ PIERRE II — SMITH 141 



TRADE GOODS 

 (C/. also Personal Possessions) 



Firearms. — ^A small group of gun parts, flints, cartridges, bullets, and balls 

 was obtained in excavations, of which a detailed account has kindly been pre- 

 pared by Dr. Warren W. Caldwell for separate publication (Caldwell, MS.). 

 Reference is therefore made to this account for descriptions of these objects. 



Cap box. — No. 10.50: Brass (cover only), diameter lYz inches; with die- 

 stamped legend : "Goldmark's Patent American/Safety Percussion Caps/Metal 

 Lined/ [spread eagle, head to left, with shield] /D 100 G/^Varranted/Water 

 Proof" (pi. 28, g). J. Goldmark was a New York manufacturer of ammunition 

 (Lewis, 1956, pi. 44, o). 



Arrowpoint. — No. 101: Steel, having a small stem; length ca. 2% inches (pi. 

 28, m). Numerous comparable specimens were obtained at Fort Berthold II 

 (Smith, MS.). 



Half -ax {"squaw ax"). — No. 639: Wrought iron; height 6^/^ inches; width of 

 blade 3% inches; weight 1 pound, 14 ounces (pi. 28, a). Found in the original 

 trench fill, along the west stockade, with the single-bit ax described above 

 (p. 132). A similar specimen, weight 2 pounds, 5 ounces, was obtained at the 

 site of Fort Berthold II (Smith, MS.). 



Trap, animal. — No. 377: Tapered fragment (portion of spring) of steel trap, 

 original length ca. 5 inches (pi. 28, I) ; apparently of the variety frequently 

 known as the "Oneida" trap, manufactured at Oneida, N.Y., by the Oneida 

 Community (also well known for its silverwork), established in 1848. 



Tweezers. — No. 1033 : Sheet brass, length 2% inches ; a part of one branch is 

 missing (pi. 28, n). Comparable specimens were obtained at Fort Berthold 

 II (Smith, MS.). An article frequently traded to the Indians, for the removal 

 of beard hairs. 



Earbob. — No. 1019: Conical silver-plate (hollow) ornament, having a small 

 loop at the upper end for insertion in the lobe of the ear; length ca. 1 inch (pi. 



28,;). 



Bracelet. — No. 926: Undecorated oval bracelet, of heavy brass wire; width 

 ca. 2% inches (pi. 28, o). Similar specimens were obtained at Fort Berthold II 

 (Smith, MS.). 



Finger rings. — Nos. 142-146, 198, 1012-1016 : Eleven specimens, all of brass or 

 white metal, narrow bands differing slightly in width, and lacking decorations 

 or engraving; sizes range from diameter 17 to 22 mm. Several similar speci- 

 mens were obtained at Fort Berthold II (Smith, MS.). 



Tinklers. — No. 1020 : Two sheet-brass cones, rolled, length ca. 1^^ inches and 

 linch (pi. 28, h,i). 



Beads, glass. — Approximately 3,120 beads (plus 54 fragments) were obtained 

 at the site of Fort Pierre II, an array of sufficient numbers and varieties to pro- 

 vide interesting material for comparison with other large bead collections (of. 

 Smith, 1953). A detailed account is not attempted here, but specimens and 

 groups of special note are as follows : 



Nos. 35, 187, 813: Sixteen whole or fragmentary dull white (satiny) tubular 

 beads (similar to the French canon bead) ; diameters 3 to 5 mm., of irregular 

 lengths, 8 to 22 mm. (pi. 29, k). Nos. 37, 53, 62, 190: Twenty translucent 

 colorless beads, made of hexagonal tubing and sometimes irregularly finished, 

 diameters 4 to 6 mm., lengths 3 to 6 mm. (pi. 29, i). Some of these have been 

 provided with facets at the ends, in finishing them for sale. Nos. 47, 66 : Forty 

 similar specimens, violet-black in tint. Nos. 55, 66 : Sixteen similar, in amber 

 tint. Nos. 52, 53, 190 : Fifty-five similar, in a dark blue tint. Nos. 62, 66, 77 : 

 Twenty specimens, of a dark green tint. Nos. 52, 62, 64 : Two dark-blue trans- 



