178 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 176 



been taken from military buildings demolished after 1883. Many 

 of the timbers in the barn showed dowels, dowel holes, spiking, and 

 joinmg, which served no useful purpose in the barn, but indicated 

 previous use of the timbers. The barn was demolished in 1952. 



Several buildings in the city of Garrison and elsewhere in the 

 vicinity are said locally to have come from Fort Stevenson, but it is 

 not probable that any of these were moved intact. Such buildings, 

 like the barn, probably merely contain timbers and millwork previ- 

 ously used at the fort. 



From documentary sources, as well as archeological evidence, cer- 

 tain buildings are known to have been destroyed by fire at the site of 

 Fort Stevenson, either during or subsequent to the military occupation. 

 Examples of these are the Hospital, the South and North Barracks, 

 and the Commissary Storehouse. From local information and the 

 testimony of the excavation of the site units, other buildings were 

 purposely demolished at one time or another, probably for salvage of 

 timbers, stone, and other materials. Examples of these are the South 

 Officers' Quarters and the Commanding Officer's Quarters. At each 

 of these, whether the buildings were destroyed by fire or intentionally 

 demolished, certain other manmade changes probably also occuri-ed. 

 Thus, in the case of the Hospital and the South Barracks, both of 

 which had adobe-masonry walls, evidence was found of apparently 

 intentional leveling of the ruins subsequent to the fires. Large sec- 

 tions of walls, for example, were found collapsed flat, as though they 

 had been pushed over from a standing position, or had fallen of their 

 own Aveight, after having been weakened by weathering. 



Several of the original cellars, such as those of the Hospital and 

 the South Barracks, had received great quantities of trash after the 

 destruction of the buildings. This was especially noticeable at the 

 site of the large cellar of the Commissary Storehouse, which had served 

 as a dump over a considerable period of time for the adjacent farm 

 home in the former Commanding Officer's Quarters. Here there was 

 also evidence of attempts to fill the depression, probably to remove the 

 farm hazard of an open pit, with additional disposal materials such 

 as plaster, ash, gravel, and the like, but complete filling had not been 

 achieved, because of the large size of the original cellar. 



One new structure was actually imposed directly upon the site of 

 the military post and Indian school. This was an earth potato cellar, 

 made about 1915 between the sites of the Hospital and South Bar- 

 racks; the excavation is said to have been made with a horse and 

 scraper. This cellar was actually semisubterranean, and earth had 

 been piled on either side of the excavation — on parts of the sites of 

 the Hospital and South Barracks — the earth being obtained in the 

 immediate vicinity, from the sites of ruined buildings (pi. 35, b). 



