such perfect specimens. It is an inspiring sight to see 

 these bnffalo feeding over tlie same hills and on the 

 same kind of grasses as did their progenitors many 

 years ago. This herd has increased from the original 

 six to twenty-one (21) and have ontgrown its present 

 limited range which necessitates early and continuous 

 winter feeding. This could be avoided, or at least very 

 largely reduced, by placing the l)uffalo on the north side 

 of the river. The location is an ideal one for a Ixiffalo 

 range, having quite some advantages over their i)resent 

 quarters. It is well grassed and has a hue meadow 

 extending back some distance from the river. The num- 

 erous l)reaks in the hills, together with a southern 

 exposure would afford ample protection in winter, and 

 if sufficient territory is included it would considerably 

 reduce the expense of winter feeding. 



Since the appearance among the l)uft'alo in the 

 Yellowstone Park herd of a disease known as hemor- 

 rhagic septicemia wherel)y a num])er of the animals died 

 in 1911, measures have been taken to prevent a similar 

 occurrence, and for several years the young ha^'e been 

 vaccinated for this disease. 



Early in 1919 a number of those that had ]:)een 

 vaccinated some months l^efore, died. After a careful 

 investigation l)y a Veterinarian from the Bureau of 

 Animal Industry, evidence was disco^'ered that indi- 

 cated the presence of this dreaded disease. It was then 

 decided to vaccinate the entire herd both young and old 

 with a recently developed culture that is believed by the 

 Bureau of Animal Industry to be a certain pre\'entive. 



The herd was rounded-up Octolx'r 7th and vacci- 

 nated on the 8th and 9th, and al)out ten days later were 

 vaccinated the second time. The Bureau of Animal 

 Industry furnished the vaccine and sent two of their 

 Veterinarians — Doctor Plank and Doctor Wallman — 

 from the Helena Montana office to do the work. 



Of the total herd (355) ninety were calves. 



During the process of vaccination, five calves and 

 one old cow were injured in handling and died later. 

 This was unavoidal^le and a remarkablv small percen- 



20 



