ADMINISTRATIVE REPORT. 13 
acre in area. North of the west village is a plaza 300 feet 
long, flanked in part on the west by an isolated clan house 
of 18 rooms. The six ruins in the cluster that may be 
regarded as clan houses differ in size and arrangement of 
rooms and in general show considerable skill in construc- 
tion. A third form of building west of the large village is 
indicated by large rectangular areas outlined with building 
stones scattered over the level ground. The foundations are 
of four or five courses, but never were buried more than 18 
inches, indicating that they did not support a heavy super- 
structure. Two lenticular rubbish heaps, measuring 60 by 
72 feet and 4 feet high, lie on the meadow 100 yards south 
of the walls of the large village. A feature of Pueblo masonry 
discovered here was retaining walls of quite large stone set 
on bedrock, apparently intended to counter lateral thrust of 
heavy walls. Several rooms were cleared out by Apache 
laborers under Doctor Hough’s direction and many artifacts 
and some human skeletal material were obtained. 
Mr. Neil M. Judd, curator of American archeology, prose- 
cuted archeological field work in certain caves in Cottonwood 
Canyon which he had visited in 1915. He successfully 
investigated five prehistoric ruins in Cottonwood Canyon 
caves during the two weeks in which work was possible. 
-Walls of houses were found to be built entirely of adobe, as 
well as the customary structures made of stone bound with 
clay mortar. Associated with these dwellings were rooms 
of still another type—houses whose walls consisted of ver- 
tical posts set at intervals and joined by masses of adobe. 
It will be noted that all three types closely resemble those 
structures exposed during the excavation of mounds in 
central Utah and previously reported.’ 
The dwellings in “ Kiva Cave” form the best preserved 
cliff village yet visited by Mr. Judd north and’ west of the 
Rio Colorado. Two of the four-houses visited are prac- 
tically intact, the ceremonial chamber, from which the ruin 
takes its name, being in excellent condition, although con- 
stantly exposed to the snow and summer rains. After 
1 Smithsonian Mise. Coll., vol. 66, No. 3, pp. 64-49; No. 17, pp. 103-108; vol. 68, No. 12, p. 83. 
