14 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY. 
excavating this cave considerable restoration was attempted 
in order that walls weakened by action of the elements and 
by thoughtless visitors might be preserved for years to 
come. At the suggestion of Mr. B. A. Riggs a fence was 
constructed around the house to keep cattle from that 
portion of the cave. 
Buildings with masonry walls were also found in “Ruin 
Cave,” but in this case were built directly upon remains of 
other structures of an entirely different character. The 
latter are usually circular and their walls were formed of 
posts to which horizontal willows were bound at intervals of 
7 or 8 inches; adobe mud was pressed between these posts 
and over the willows, but additional and larger supports 
were required to take the great weight of the roof. Although 
these structures lie generally beneath the stone houses, it is 
evident that both types were built by the same people and 
the occupancy of the cave was at no time long interrupted. 
Prehistoric house remains were also found in each of the 
other three caves excavated, but they consisted chiefly of 
small rooms with walls constructed entirely of adobe. Still 
other ruins were discovered high up under the ledges that 
lie on either side of Cottonwood Canyon, but unusual con- 
ditions prevented examination of these. 
Upright sandstone slabs invariably form the inner base of. 
the walls in ruins throughout the region under consideration, 
a fact which connects them with the so-called ‘‘slab-house”’ 
people of the San Juan drainage. Whether there is, in fact, 
any justification for this term remains yet to be proven, 
but the cultural relationship of the prehistoric peoples in 
southwestern Utah with those south of the Rio Colorado is 
at last definitely established. 
The bureau purchased from Miss Frances Densmore papers 
on ‘‘Chippewa Remedies and General Customs”’ and ‘‘Chip- 
pewa Art.” The latter article has 164 pages, with 42 pages 
of old Chippewa designs and numerous photographs per- 
taining to industries, medicinal plants, customs, and toys 
of children, games, processes of weaving, tanning, and other 
industries. The lists of plants were identified by Mr. Paul 
C. Standley. 
