286 ORIGIN OF THE WHITE BUFFALO DANCE. [ ETH. ANN. 40, 
(e) -Am6- before -i-: wikek'anetamd’‘iyani “that I may know 
about it,” 158.34. I do not know why the ordinary wi ke’ kinetamani 
is not used in this passage, unless the -1- is the same element discussed 
in § 20. 
(f) -amo-before-w-: wi a‘pi'tcike' kinetamowitaé awa “he will think 
that he knows about it,’’ 114.17-18. The construction is of the same 
type discussed by me in the International Journal of American 
Linguisties, 1, 52, 53. 
§ 41. A passive composed of gu and followed by a copula, 
-‘si- animate, -At- Inanimate: From ndtagu'siw*** “he is heard,” 
quoted from Jones’s sketch, § 3, but inmy transcription (accents dis- 
regarded) it is evident such an indefinite passive must be assumed; see 
also Bull. 72, B. A. E., p. 69; a few examples occur in these texts: 
wi ina“tcime’gu'siw(a) “he will be spoken of,’ 46.5; wi inineta’/eu'si"tei 
‘“‘hewould be considered,” 228.17,18; ta” cinene’ kineta’gu'siw™ “he is 
now being thought of here,” 232.35, 36; agwi’ kigd‘inetigu’‘sittcin™ 
“he is considered nothing,” 232.13; ke’ki’netagwatwi “it (a sacred 
pack) is known,” 156.12-13. It is evident that the Kickapoo pas- 
sive mentioned by me in Jones’s Kickapoo Tales, 196, belongs here. 
Furthermore, the construction occurs in Ojibwa and Algonkin * as 
can be seen from the works of Baraga and Cuogq, e. g., Ojibwa 
nindinendigos ‘I am thought,” imendigwad “it is thought,” Aleonkin 
kitinenindagosimin “‘we are thought of,’ nikanenindagosi “he is 
thought to be the chief,’ menindagwat “one should think.’ I 
thought it possible on the basis of other material that an inanimate 
copula -At- should be assumed (International Journal of American 
Linguistics, i, 53). The above establishes it, but there is further 
evidence for it, namely, sanagatw “it is difficult’’ as compared 
with ne‘sanagi't “T had a hard time with it.’’ And it will be noted 
that -si- is complementary to -At- in this case: sanage ‘siw* (with 
secondary e for i) ‘‘heis troublesome.’ Furthermore, exactly as the 
t of sanagatw' disappears before ‘k'* and ‘k* of the conjunctive and 
subjunctive modes respectively, so it does in the case of gwat: pwa- 
wike' kinetagwa'ke “if it is not known,” 160.11. Again the evidence 
of Ojibwa and Algonkin shows that the formation is old: see Baraga, 
Dictionary, under sanagad and sanagis, Cuoq, Lexique, under sanak-.* 
§ 41. A new form belonging to the conjunctive mode of the inde- 
pendent passive is to be found in &‘cimi‘ci/nameg*™ “as it has been 
given us (exclusive).’’ The law that n becomes ¢ before i which is a 
new morphological element or the first sound of such an element (see 
American Anthropologist, n. s. 15, 470) shows that the grammatical 
ending is -Inameg*'* which resembles -amegi of the third person 
3 Cree (also Montagnais) )ikewise has a similar formation, e. g.,sakihikusiw ‘‘il est aimable’’ (Lacombe, 
Gramumnaire, 34). 
4[Montagnais also: see Lemoine, Grammaire, 10.] See also Baraga, Grammar, 411 bottom. 
