RADiN] GENERAL SOCIAL CUSTOMS 131 



Hiko'no, husband. 



Hitca'", brother of wife. 



Hitca'^wi", wife. 



Hiwar)ge', sister of wife. 



After one's grandchild's generation the children of a man whom one 

 called either Hi'niqk' or Hitc(i°ckc', or of a woman whom one called 

 either Hi'nfiqk' or Hitc(i°j6'ijk', were all called Hitc(l°cke' or 

 Hitcft-jo'ijk'. 



A special term, Wotc(i'°woi)k', was used by parents-in-law when 

 addressing each other. 



It will be noticed that, taking self as the starting point, the dis- 

 tinction between forms — one series to be used in speaking of a person 

 and the other in directly addressing one's own blood relative — has 

 been developed for only grandfather, grandmother, father, mother, 

 son, and daughter. It is probable that in former times brother and 

 sister also were included in this double series. 



Female Terms of Address 



As compared with the distinction between male and female terms 

 of address found among other Siouan tribes, that existing among 

 the Winnebago is very weak and there seems to be no indication 

 that it ever was much stronger, although caution must be observed 

 in drawing inferences as to past relationship terms, since it is a well- 

 known fact that they have a tendency to disappear. At the present 

 time there are only four terms used among the Winnebago by women 

 specifically; tcito, elder brother; hitco'ijl-", younger sister; hiciga"^, 

 wife of brother; and hicik^e' , husband of sister. 



A ciu"sory examination shows that the following forms are linguis- 

 tically related: 



hini. hinu. 



hintr)k'. hinur)k. 



hicike'. hiciga'". 



hitcH^ckS'. hitcfl°j6'i]k' (tcu° — gii'ak, obsolete) hitc(l'''wi°. 



hi tea". hitca°wi°. 



hitc<i'i)k'. 



hitcak"§,'ro (friend). 



It is clear that we are dealing here with a change of terminal vowel 

 (from i to m; from e io a; from a to u), indicative of sex. In the 

 form Mtcu^wi", m" is undoubtedly identical with -wi^, meaning 

 "female," found with all animal female names. Terminal Jc', Jc'e, 

 ga, is a suffix that may be related to the termination A-'c found with 

 so many animal names. We may perhaps say, then, that we have 

 here only three stems, hiiii, Tiidl-' , and Mtcd'^. For a complete list 

 of stems used in relationship terms there must now be added to 

 these the following: Hik'a'ro — Ic'e hitcok — l-'e', hi-a'ntc M-u'ni, 

 hisil'y — k', waitc — k'e', hinHflgds, hide — k' hiwan — ge' , tcido, 



