288 THE HAKO, A PAWNEE CEREMONY rKTH.AXN.ffi 



the powei's above, whose presence is synilwlized hv the blue ])aint 

 now i)ut upon the stem. 



Each stanza of all the songs throughout this ceremouj' is sung four 

 times. The Ku'rahus tells us that this is in recognition of tlie four 

 paths at the four cardinal iioints, down which the powers descend, and 

 tliat it is also an indirect reeognitiitn of the powers themselves. 



FIRST SONG" 



Diagriiiii of Time 



R/ll/flilllir Rriiilitiiili 



Take we now the bhie paint. 



Touch with it the stem, putting <>u the .sat-red symbol. 



Emblem of the clear sky, 



Where dwell the sods. who. descending, bring ns good gifts. 



Gifts of life and plenty. 



The feathered stem carried by the Kii'i-ahus's assistant represents tlie 

 male element. It is painted green, tlie color svmbolizing Toharn, the 

 living covering of Mother Eartli. Tiie key to the symbolism lies in 

 the abbreviated word hurc-e, "coming from above." It conveys 

 the idea that the power l)y which Mother Earth brings forth her 

 green covering, Toharu, comes from the power above, Tira'wa atius. 



The fan-shaped pendant hung upon the green stem is made of seven 

 feathers from the young brown eagle, spoken of by the Ku'rahtis as 

 the white eagle. Tliese are the feathers worn bj- warriors, and the 

 bird is the war eagle, the fighter, tiie defender, the protector. 



The coml)ining of the male and female forces on each of the leading 

 requisites of the cei'emouy, the feathered stems and the ear of corn, 

 has already been noticed. 



The song which is sung as the stem is painted green is in six musical 

 phrases, corresponding to the six ceremonial motions: the four direc- 

 tions, the al)0\'e, and the below. 



SECOND SONG'' 



Diagram of Time 



' Miisic on page 37. b Music on page 39. 



