362 THK HAKC), A PAWNEE CEREMONY [eth.axn.22 



the feathered stems to be placed on the floor or hiid upon a chair; 

 they were always cai'efnlly deposited on the wildcat skin with a 

 decorum that was not once abated. 



The Hako ceremony seems to have been peculiarly adapted to 

 impress the mind of the people and to win their eonfldence and affec- 

 tion. It was picturesque, varied in movement, and communal in 

 feeling. Its songs were rhythmic and attractive, and frequently 

 choral in form, particularly tliose belonging to the public ceremony, 

 where all, young and old, joined in the melodj' as the feathered stems 

 were swayed over tlieir heads when the Ku'rahus and liis assistants 

 made the circuits of the lodge. 



The teachings of the public ceremony were general in character. 

 They emphasized, on the one haud, man's dependence ou the super- 

 natural for all the gifts of life, and on the other hand, his dependence 

 on the family tie for the gifts of peace and happiness. The specific 

 teachings were reserved for the Son. These began in the ritual to 

 tlie Dawn (tenth ritual) on the morning of the second and third days, 

 which prefigured the secret ceremonies of the fifth morning, when the 

 bond of the family relation was extended beyond blood kinship through 

 the sjanbolic rites which recognized the common source of life in 

 Tira'wa atins. 



Looking over the entire ceremony, it is interesting to note how older 

 rites have had their share in the development of tlie Hako, aiid how 

 the trend of thought among the native seers has borne them toward a 

 conception of tlie brotherhood of man, a conception recognized as the 

 noblest known to the liumaji family. 



Incidental Kituals 

 comforting the child 



The incidental rituals could be called for and given during the 

 lDul)lic ceremony. 



The three songs wliich belong to the first ritual have a common 

 musical motive, but tliis motive is treated differently in each song 

 so as to conform to the movement of the ceremony. 



The appeal of the parents to the Ku'rahus is in the first song passed 

 on to Kawas. It is sung by the Ku'rahus at the holy place as he 

 waves the brown-eagle feathered stenu The words are in the nature 

 of a prayer, the music lias the swing of a lullaby. 



FIKST BONO a 



Diagram of Time 



" Mnsir on p. fifil. 



