PHONETIC NOTE 



Although closely related with the Penobscot and the St. Francis 

 dialects, Wawenock has some distinctive qualities of its own. The 

 list of sounds is as follows: 



p, b, m are normal as in English, 



n, 1 alveolar-dental in position. 



1 alveolar-dental lateral surd, 



t, d alveolar-dentals, somewhat indeterminate in quality, 



k, g medial palatals, indeterminate in quality, k'" is k followed by 

 aspiration and lip closure; g" also occurs.' 



tc affricative medial surd, 



dj affricative medial sonant, 



s, z in position same as in English, indeterminate in sonant quality. 



13 palatal nasal, like ng of English sing. 



h, w, y as in English. 



a, i, o, u normal, medium length, 



e open, as e in English met. 



e long, between e and a, as in Xorth German bar. 

 V long closed vowel like English ee. 



longer than o, almost like au in English taut. 



a short a, like u of English but. 



8 short obscure vowel of uncertain quality. 



, denotes nasalized vowels (?, i\, q). 



' denotes aspiration following soiuid. 



■ denotes lengthened vowel or consonant. 



' primary stress. 



^ secondary' stress. 



Two stop consonants coming together have a slight vocalic pause, 

 sometimes amounting to 9, between them. 



The vowels e, i, a, 0, u before stops have a tendency to show a 

 slight aspiration following them. This quality, however, is hardly 

 noticeable in Wawenock in comparison with Penobscot or Malecite. 



Where words differ in spelling in different places it is because they 

 were recorded as thej' were pronounced each time. 



Wawenock appears to have been intermediate dialectically as 

 well as geographically between Penobscot and St. Francis Abenaki 

 (Aroosaguntacook and Norridgewock). In phonetic make-up it 

 has the predominating e, e, vowel where in St. Francis a and in Penob- 

 scot e occurs, though resembling Penobscot more. Wawenock 

 GluskKbe, St. Francis Gulskaba', Penobscot Gluskcj'be; Wawenock 

 be''nam, St. Francis p'ha'nam, Penobscot p'he'nam "woman.'' 

 The dental quality of the alveolar consonants (n, t, d, I) is something 

 of an individuality to Wawenock. It is totally foreign to Penobscot 

 and the dialects eastward, while the St. Francis pronunciation 



1 This results from the loss of a vowel. 

 178 



