ROTH | GUMS, WAX, OILS, PIGMENTS 83 
234). The gum derived from this tree is known as colliman (HR, 382), 
karamanni (Arawak), abiyeweri (Warrau), peraman (?Spanish), or 
buck’? wax (CC, 15). When incisions are made in the tree trunk it 
exudes a gumof a vellowishcolor. It is mixed with beeswax and finely 
powdered charcoal. While still semiliquid it is generally run into a 
hollow bamboo, but is is sometimes allowed to take shape and to 
harden in the bottom of a buck pot (IT, 315). It is employed by the 
Indians for fastening the points of their arrows, waxing their thread 
and fishing lines, and calking their canoes, for preserving their nets 
and cordage, and for the same purposes as pitch. Said to have been 
Fic. 4.—Rubber syringe, ring, and ball. (After Barrére.) 
used by the natives to make tapers (StC, 1, 319). At the village of 
Javita on the upper Atabapo, where there is a regular trade in resins, 
Humboldt reports having seen masses of several hundredweight 
(AVH, ny, 357). 
Bisi is a resin from an unidentified tree used by Indians for giving 
a gloss to their bows, etc. (ScD, 35). 
Sapium jenmani or S. cladogyne and Hevea sp. were probably the 
sources whence rubber was originally derived. It was the Cayenne 
Indian who made balls, rings, and syringes (fig. 4) —the latter so much 
sought after by the curious—from the milk that runs from a liane, 
