RoTH] WEAPONS: HUNTING AND FIGHTING 151 
stantly moisten the points of their poison arrows when overdry with 
the juice of lemons (BA, 295). Salt rubbed into the wound and 
taken internally, sugar, and the “juyce of the leafe called Uppee” 
(HR, 384) are among the alleged antidotes. 
123. Dance makes mention of two other poisons for arrow points— 
the heauru-canali with bluish papilionaceous flowers and clusters of 
pease-pods, poisonous roots, and the hurubuh, its Akawai name, 
similar to the hog tannia. The root of the latter is grated and 
placed in water to get the starch, which, after being dried, is used 
on the points of arrows for large birds (Da, 332). Schomburgk 
speaks of the Maopityan having an arrow poison, but which is far 
from being as powerful as curare (SR, 11, 472). The Warrau accuse 
the Akawai of making a deadly poison from a dried and finely pul- 
verized fish, Chelichthys psittacus (SR, u, 456), but there is no evi- 
dence to show whether it was used on arrows (sec. 734). In Surinam 
it was said that arrows were poisoned with the juice of a tree called 
mancélinier, which grows on the seacoast (FE, 53). Also on the 
islands, Laborde mentions that the ends of certain arrows were 
poisoned with the juice of a tree called manceniller, and the fruit 
mancanille, a name given by the Spaniards because the fruit re- 
sembled apples (PBR, 244). Rochefort lkewise noted the mortal 
poison made from the juice of the mancenille by the Island 
Carib for their fighting arrows (RO, 526). Barrére in Cayenne 
speaks of fighting arrows being poisoned with the fruits of cururu 
| ¢curare] or with the milk of a tree that they call pougouly (/’icus 
venenata), which gnaws and inflames the flesh (PBA, 169). The 
islands in the Rappu Rapids, Essequibo River, and a river nearby 
are so called from the existence of a peculiar species of bamboo, 
not being found farther north. Pieces of the stem of this bamboo 
are dried and used by the Indians (presumably Makusi) as arrow- 
heads, which are said to possess similar properties to the far-famed 
woralli poison. They split up the stem, and dry the pieces over a fire, 
and then shape them into lance heads, which they fasten on the ends 
of arrows. Wild animals wounded by these arrows are at once com- 
pletely paralyzed, and in that condition easily dispatched. The 
bamboo is tall, growing singly and not in clumps from a mass of 
matted roots like the common bamboo (BB, 99). It is said to be the 
Nastus latifolia (ScO, 64), Guadua latifolia Kth. (SR, 1, 338). 
Schomburgk makes mention of a particular kind of bamboo alleged 
to possess poisonous properties used as an arrow point for shooting 
tapir (SR, 1, 425). In previous days Gumilla, on the Orinoco, had 
also reported a poison bamboo for killing alligator (G, 1m, 220). 
If we are to believe Stedman, the markuri, a tree so-called by the 
negroes, is truly formidable on account of its poisonous qualities, 
