RoTH] ANIMAL FOOD 195 
even the slightest noise or ripple on the water was prejudicial to a 
catch. Here in the Guiana creeks, on the other hand, it is of advan- 
tage every now and again to lash the water with the rod, presumably 
for the reasons just stated. The usual fish rod is generally made of 
lancewood or yarri-yarri (Anaxagorea sp.). 
194. The simplest form of cylinder fall trap for fish, for catching 
haimara, is most ingenious and consists generally of a cylinder made 
of bark, or frequently of the branch of a trumpet tree (Cecropia pel- 
tata), which is hollowed out. The cylinder is about 5 feet long and 
from 6 to 7 inches in diameter. The lower end is stopped up and a 
live fish fastened to the bottom. It is now tied horizontally to a tree 
which stands on the bank of the river and kept about 2 feet below the 
surface. The haimara, attracted by the bait, enters the cylinder, but 
scarcely has it put its head beyond the center when the lower end of 
the cylinder sinks, and the fish, being inclosed with its head down- 
ward, can not make its escape and is secured (ScK, 255). The cylin- 
der fall trap (pl. 48, fig. 1, A) of the Arawak and Warrau on the 
Pomeroon and Moruea is called ku-yamma, after the tree whence 
the cylinder (a) is obtained, this being a length of bark removed 
whole, after tapping, by slipping it from off the subjacent wood. 
The length of cylinder to be employed is gauged from the ground 
to the hunter’s hip’ with a natural internal diameter of from 
4 to 6 inches; its upper extremity is made to terminate in two points 
by means of curved cuts on opposite sides. Vertically below each 
pointed extremity and on a level inferior to the lower limits of the 
cuts, there is drilled a hole, through which are passed the supporting 
bark strip and a cross stick. This flat strip of a strong bark is tied 
below on the outside of the cylinder and looped above (B) onto the 
pointed pencil shaped trigger (>). The idea of the cross stick is 
to minimize the chances of any fish, when once caught in the cylin- 
der, jumping up, knocking off the weight (to be presently described), 
and so making its escape. The bait is fixed onto the looped ex- 
tremity of a piece of itiriti strand (C), which is gripped above in 
the split center of the key pin (¢). The bait strand is always made of 
this material, and never of twine, which would twist, curl up, and 
stick to the underside of the cylinder when immersed in water. The 
frame or scaffolding consists of two sticks (A, d@), split above on 
their sides to hold the crossbar upon which the cylinder hangs, 
and tied below with a bark strap. These uprights are never forked 
to support the crossbar, but are always simple and split like 
this, so as to allow of the crossbar being maintained in any posi- 
tion whereby the bark strap below may be rendered taut. To set 
the trap, which is employed in the shallow waters of a sluggish 
side stream or of the bush savannas, the framework is first of all 
firmly fixed, the crossbar wedged in at such a height that the lower 
