roTH] NARCOTICS AND STIMULANTS 241 
and dried in the sun in this elastic press, which is tightened up from 
time to time (KG, 1, 140). All over the Amazon Valley tobacco is 
grown and manufactured, the leaves being bound round together 
with the split stem of a climbing palm into long rods of about 2 
inches in diameter and 4 or 5 feet in length, tapering off to a point 
at both ends (BL, 102). In this form it may be met in Surinam 
among the Oyana and Trio 
(GOE, pl. vin, fig. 11), and 
in our own colony. 
283. If tobacco is to be 
smoked it is smoked only in 
the form of cigarettes, the 
paper-like substance obtained 
from the bark of certain trees, 
sometimes leaves, being em- 
ployed as wrappers. In the 
case of the kakaralli or sapu- 
caya nut (Lecythis spp.) along 
strip of bark of exactly the 
width required is cut from the 
tree with straight sides and 
ends. From this the outer 
rough bark is removed. With 
a thick short stick the Indian 
then repeatedly strikes the cut 
edge of one end of the inner 
bark with a peculiar but inde- 
scribable knack so as to sepa- 
rate it into a great many even- 
surfaced sheets (IT, 317). 
With the Courataria guianen- 
sis Aubl. of the lower Ama- 
zons (S—M, 918) it would seem 
that the bark is cut in long 
strips, of a breadth suitable Fic. 66.—Cigar holders of the Uaupes Indians. 
for folding the tobacco. The haa eal i aaa 
inner portion is then separated, boiled, hammered with a wooden mal- 
let, and exposed to the air for a few hours (H WB, 164). Other mate- 
rials that may be used for cigarette wrappers are leaves of Indian corn, 
as practiced by the Maiongkong (ScF, 237) ,and the inner lining of the 
spathe of the manicol. After the cigarette is made the wrapper is pre- 
vented from opening by being tied either at the center or at the ends 
with a very thin strip of corresponding material, not into a knot, but 
into a twist. On the upper Rio Negro is to be met what is practically a 
