roTH] DOMESTIC IMPLEMENTS AND REQUISITES 291 
wai), the shape depending, of course, upon the technique of the 
plaitwork. A heart-shaped one comes from the Caiary-Uaupes 
River (KG, 1, 208). Among some of their names are warri-warri 
(Arawak), oriwa (Makusi), awarribé (Wapishana). They are made 
from the pinne of the unexpanded leaves of the Astrocaryum, and 
by Carib, Patamona, etc., from split itiriti. Fans are invariably 
plaited by the men, though only employed by women, and then 
only for fanning the fire and for smoothing and turning over the 
cassava cake on the grid. There is an Arawak belief that were a 
woman to use one on herself she would gradually lose flesh and 
waste away. Duff speaks of another type of fan, apparently from the 
Berbice, which, even if manufactured by the native Indians,is un- 
doubtedly an imitation of the kind introduced by coolie and Chinese 
immigrants. This fan is made by cutting off the ribs of the young 
leaf of the ite palm (Mauritia flewuosa) at a certain distance from the 
center stallx so as to form it into nearly a circle. The strong rib of an 
old leaf is then formed into a circle by fastening the ends of it into 
the midrib or leafstalk and then twisting the outer edges of the young 
leaf, previously cut to the proper length, to suit the intended size 
of the fan. As the edges are twisted around the old rib they are 
tightly fastened with a very small thread of the tibisiri (ite fiber). 
The center or footstalk of the leaf serves for a handle to the fan 
(DF, 59). 
367. Arawak fan (WER, 11).—The three designs found are the 
baiyari-shiri (pl. 78, A), the marudi sararang (B), and the duburi 
kaiasanna (C, D, E), of which the respective English equivalents 
are “fish-comb” (1. e., the snout of the sawfish), marudi bone (i. e., 
the “ wishbone ” of the Penelope), and sting-ray gills. The sawfish 
and wishbone patterns are also found among the Makusi, Wapishana, 
etc. The latter is also apparently made by the Trio (GOK, pl. vi, 
fig. 9). There are at least three variations in the third design. 
Terms: For descriptive purposes an Arawak fan may be regarded 
as composed of a blade and handle, the former consisting of a body 
and two wings (fig. 89, A, w). The body is made up of a founda- 
tion (a), a superstructure or substructure (6, c, according to the 
pattern), and two gables (d). Made by men. 
Arawak nomenclature: The two halves of the handle are the 
tajike (ears), that portion of the blade in its immediate neighbor- 
hood is the tishi (head), its opposite edge the tishi-hudi, the lateral 
edges taramakondi, the front or upper surface tajako-maria, and 
its back or lower surface tabong-maria. 
The initial procedure will vary with the design introduced on 
the blade, the only constancy prevailing being that, after the strands 
of split Astrocaryum have been arranged, with their points all in 
