298 ARTS AND CRAFTS OF GUIANA INDIANS [BPH, ANN, 38 
whence the article is gradually built up, strand by strand. The ma- 
terial used is the same split itiriti, not usually dyed. The edges of 
the fan may be described as upper, lower, left, and right. Starting 
with a center strand (pl. 81, fig. 2A,@),which will ultimately con- 
stitute one of the diagonals of the square, this is laid on the flat, and 
two others (%, ¢), “ broken ” at their middle, are placed behind it, one 
of them a strand’s breadth ahead of the other. A third (d) is now 
added (B) at right angles to the diagonal, and then (C) a fourth 
(e) over which the third is “ broken.” <A fifth and sixth is next put 
in, and so on, as is required for the pattern (D), the preceding strand 
being always broken over the last one inserted. The process is thus 
repeated over and over again (E) according to the size of article 
to be manufactured, until the second diagonal (IX) is put in place, 
this strand, like the first diagonal, being left free at the ends. The 
three or four immediately preceding strands (7, m, 7, 0), which have 
already been broken along the lower and the left edges, are now 
again similarly treated to form the upper and right edges on pass- 
ing beyond the second diagonal. A peculiarity in the arrangement 
of these three or four strands is that their extremities are plaited 
in and between identical projecting strands, so as to lie in close op- 
position one behind the other. The object of this is to tighten up 
and fix the portion already manufactured, and hence to act as a stay. 
Furthermore, by looking out for this thickened portion of the fan, 
one can always tell at which corner the plaiting has been commenced. 
Beyond these three or four strands, thus doubled and tucked in upon 
themselves, yet another variation in the plaiting is adopted (F), 
which may be described as follows: Each strand is cut short, alter- 
nately and successively, at a spot limited by the right (v, 2) and 
upper (7, t) edge of the fan, respectively. The longer extremity 
(R, T, V, X) is then broken over its shorter-cut end, whence, pass- 
ing along and covering it according to the design of the pattern, it 
is pushed under a set of three strands and cut close (w, y, 2). The 
projecting ends of the two diagonals are finally tucked back on to 
and along themselves, and thus act as stays, like the three or four 
central ones mentioned above. Similarly constructed fans are met 
among the Patamona and Arekuna, by whom the larger varieties are 
used as mats (sec. 395). 
377. Drinking trough.—A very common article of household fur- 
niture is the “ paiwarri” trough, often of a size sufficient to hold 
several dozen gallons of drink. Though sometimes replaced by a 
discarded corial, it is usually manufactured from a tree trunk on 
identical lines, carved and painted (ScG, 245), even with numerous 
figures (SR, m, 221). Whatever the shape (fig. 92), the ends are 
very commonly specialized into handles, to allow of its removal from 
