308 ARTS AND CRAFTS OF GUIANA INDIANS [WTH. ANN, 38 
rope” (KG, 11, 228). In the Pomeroon district, one end of a staff is 
split into four and the splits kept open by means of a withe tied in 
a ring on their inside (fig. 97); the other end is stuck vertically into 
the ground. The Arawak call it doada-boriddo on the Moruca, where 
I have seen it used for holding the buck pot after taking itoff from the 
fire. In the catalogue of British Guiana contributions to the London 
International Wxhibition of 1862 mention is made of two stands for 
pots used by the Indians and made from the seed capsules of the 
kokerit palm from the Berbice River (CC, 47). 
Head pads for carrying jars, impedimenta, ete., on the head are 
made of strips torn from the bark of the black mahu (emosé of the 
Carib) something like the kakaralli. The strips are rolled into a cir- 
cle and then bound round and round in the shape of a 
quoit. Black mahu straps are also used for knapsack 
straps (sec. 450). 
393. Certain of the closework basketry mats, while 
possessing points of- similarity, can always be dis- 
tinguished from rectangular trays by the manner of 
attachment of their bordering or edging. With the 
former, this edging, if present at all, lies in the same 
plane as the body or foundation, whereas with the 
latter it is specialized into a more or less vertical, dis- 
tinetly raised rim. On the other hand, so far as their 
application to domestic use is concerned, there is little 
differentiation between them and the simpler forms of 
trays. Tor instance, the edging of such a tray may 
be so flexible as to allow of the whole article being 
laid flat, whereas the sides of a mat may be sufficiently 
strong and firm to allow of its being supported by them 
a ee nat like a tray. Again, the foundation for the majority 
the Moruea Of mats and trays is a rectangular plaitwork of the 
Havers ordinary one-over-and-under-three type; but with the 
Akawai and Patamona it is of the one-over-and-under-two style; 
on the Aiary River it may be the one-oyer-and-under-one pattern. 
The patterns represented in the first kind of foundation are many 
and various; e. g., the diamond snake or dog’s eyes, the scissor-tail 
hawk (pl. 91 B), the Greek key and its variations, concentrics, and 
others all find room here, and in some cases would seem to be more 
or less special to particular tribes, Ant and wasp biting mats will be 
found discussed elsewhere (sec, 739). The large 5-foot square floor 
mats of Surinam, plaited with long, sometimes colored, strips of 
warimbo, are no longer made (PIIN, 1, 126). 
394. Whereas objects designed originally for other purposes—e. g., 
shoulder-basket covers, many kinds of fan, the simpler forms of 
tray—may be applied to the purposes of a mat, true closework 
