310 ARTS AND CRAFTS OF GUIANA INDIANS [BTH. ANN. 38 
instead of being wrapped round with the strands are tied up with 
kuraua fiber. Besides their use as mats for food, they are often em- 
ployed as covers for paiwarri jars. The Makusi call them stimba. 
397. A third group comprises all those mats having a railed edging 
running around the entire circumference. The contained rail or rails 
is the primitive weft. With the Carib, on completion of the founda- 
tion, the process of manufacture proceeds thus: Taking up two of 
the projecting strands at a time (pl. 98 A), these are wound twice 
over a rail (7), and then passed across themselves to be plaited, 
respectively, under and over the two immediately preceding ver- 
tical pairs of strands, to be finally tucked under the extremities of 
the pair next emerging from under the rail. This rail is a single 
length of mamuri vine rope, running around the whole margin of 
the foundation, the intervening distance being always considerable. 
It may be noted that alone in these Carib mats the itiriti strands 
are usually irregular, and not split according to what I have de- 
scribed as the orthodox method (sec. 101). The result is that while 
the plait of the foundation is of the usual one-over-and-under-three 
type, the strands themselves come to be, comparatively speaking, 
widely apart. The Makusi type of itiriti mat (pl. 92 A) is practi- 
cally identical with the preceding, save in that having the strands 
properly sliced and cut (pl. 93 B), the resulting plait and edging 
becomes more compact and much neater. Very often such mats may 
be converted into trays (pl. 92 B) by turning up the edges more or 
less forcibly and fixing them in their new position with cane, vine 
strips, and kamwarri fiber. In the Wapishana mats (pl. 91 B) there 
is an edging of two rails (weft) upon which the projecting strands 
are attached according to a method depicted in the diagram (pl. 
93 C). 
398. The “roll-up” mats of the Patamona and Makusi (pl. 94 A) 
are formed of numerous strips of the midrib of the kokerit palm, 
bound in close apposition parallelwise by means of three or four 
double cords passing in and out between—i. e., a sort of “chain- 
twist ” or twined pattern (fig. 41 A). They are used as food mats, 
for cassava or fish, but would seem to be getting scarce now. On the 
Caiary-Uaupes such roll-up mats, made of cane strips, may reach a 
length close upon 9 feet, and are employed as covers for the paiwarri 
or drinking troughs (KG, 1m, 224). The cylindrical and purse-shaped 
pepper roasters of the Aiary, likewise made of a series of parallel 
cane strips, similarly fixed together (KG, m, 222), might also be in- 
cluded here. So also should the roll-up ant frame (sec. 162) and the 
“ Venetian blind ” fish fence (sec. 203) be mentioned in this connec- 
tion. 
399. Room must be found here for the flattened sewn-up mat 
satchel (pl. 94) of the Taurepang (Arekuna). Looked at from be- 
