430 ARTS AND CRAFTS OF GUIANA INDIANS [BTH, ANN. 38 
one set of feathers cut to size (say, black) attached to it on the 
portion limited by the sticks, the one about the middle (4) with an- 
other set (say, yellow) in similar position, and the topmost string 
(d) similarly with another set (say, red and blue). Sometimes in- 
stead of three strings with feathers attached there may be four 
(abcd). Starting from below up, all these 30 to 40 strings are con- 
nected by crossbars (e)—some 8 to 10 or more of them between the 
sticks—each bar composed of four wefts of same pattern and manip- 
ulation as in the bars of the ordinary Arawak, etc., hammocks (sec. 
462). The two sticks are finally cut to a length just greater than 
that of the width of the band, the portions of cotton twine projecting 
beyond them being subsequently utilized as tassels, etc., hanging 
down the back. 
523. The cotton fillet is as a rule made in the form of a flat cord 
worked with four or six needles (secs. 51, 52), though it may be 
constructed of a single weft passing backward and forward between 
the warps; i. e., a band made on a loom (sec. 55). I have seen a 
Taruma specimen where, with a loom-made band (sec. 55), the weft 
passes over and under two warps at a time. In either case, the 
fillet is finally covered with a sort of pipe clay and its lower edge 
sewn with kuraua fiber to the lower edge of the feather band, thus 
making one piece with it. 
524. The tips of the long tail feathers of the macaw, to be stuck 
finally into the back of the hat crown, “are sometimes clipped into 
fantastic shapes or are sometimes removed and replaced by tips cut 
from white feathers” (IT, 305). Schomburgk reports having seen 
the ostrich-like body feathers of the Harpyia destructor Temm. on 
the feather cap of the Wapishana (SR, u, 365), and speaks of the 
Woyawai (Waiwai) being especially celebrated for trapping this 
bird for its feathers, and so contributing to its destruction (SR, un, 
389). 
525. It will thus be recognized that the various constituents of the 
feather crown, independently of the frame, easily admit of being 
rolled up and so transported or cared for when not in use. When 
required, all one has to do is to pass the feather string just above the 
lower rim of the crown and tie it at the back, the upstanding feathers 
which press against the outer edge of the upper rim giving this head 
ornament its characteristic shape, and over this, to similarly tie the 
feather band, and lastly its attached cotton fillet. The mode of 
fixation of the three macaw tail feathers into the back of the hat is 
either direct into the meshes of the plaitwork or indirect, e. g., into 
two horizontally attached pencils drilled to receive them. 
526. The horizontal type of feather crowns consists, as already 
mentioned (sec. 518), of a basketry frame (pl. 137 B, C) placed 
