RoTH] DEFORMATION, DECORATION, ORNAMENTS, CLOTHES 435 
different kinds of seed—large and small, black, brown, and red— 
threaded into necklaces, etc., but, unfortunately, have had no means 
of scientifically identifying any of them. The following are some 
Carib names for certain of the seeds thus similarly employed: afru, 
abia, taputapu, mamtokosi, ete. (PEN, 1, 96). Of those that particu- 
larly seemed to strike my fancy were the kokerit seeds, carved into 
armadillos, worn by Patamona women and children (pl. 141 D). I 
understand that similarly carved armadillo kokerit seeds were for- 
merly in vogue among the Pomeroon Carib. The Surinam Carib 
string around their neck the so-called tieng-siri or stink-seeds, which 
by their scent drive away the evil spirit Yoleka (PEN, 1, 96). Other 
necklaces noted are made of some elongate aromatic seed (pl. 143 B) 
worn as cures or preventives for coughs, colds, fevers (sec. 532). The 
Maiongkong similarly used for necklaces a bunch of the slender stem 
of a cryptogamous plant, a fern, called zinapipo by them, to which 
they ascribed talismanic property (ScF, 215). It was, perhaps, some 
such secret power that accounted for the following somewhat unusual 
spectacle of a man wearing a seed necklace: On the Corentyn a man 
had hanging over one shoulder a curious necklace of beads or seeds of, 
a brown color which were perfumed, though too sweet to be agreeable, 
and understood to be the kishei, difficult and rare to obtain, as they 
can only be had a great distance up the country (StC, 1, 272-273). 
536. In Cayenne the so-called “ green stones” (WER, v1, sec. 241) 
were worn (PBA, 175, 196). The Nolaques (Nouragues) are said to 
have been famed for their necklaces of solid gold (Cou, 1, 146). 
537. Of neck, back, and chest ornaments there are a few that 
require particular mention. The men’s stone neck ornament of the 
Uaupes River Indians (pl. 148 E), a most peculiar and valuable pos- 
session, first described by Wallace, is a cylindrical opaque white 
stone which looks like marble, but which is really quartz imperfectly 
crystallized (sec. 20). These stones are from 4 to 8 inches long and 
about an inch in diameter. They are ground round, and fiat at the 
ends, a work of great labor, and are each pierced with a hole at one 
end, through which a string is inserted to suspend it round the neck. 
That which the Tushaua wears as the symbol of his authority is 
generally of the largest size, and is worn transversely across the 
breast, for which purpose the hole is bored lengthwise from one end 
to the other (ARW, 191). They have been recently met with again 
in the same district, among the Tukano and Tuyuka (both of Betoya 
stock), of the Uaupes and Tiquie Rivers (KG, 1, 326). It is among 
the same Tukano that there have also been found male chest orna- 
ments, the component units of which were made of flat triangular sil- 
ver plates, called “ butterflies” (IXG, 1, 256). The Uméua (Carib 
stock) employ them at their dances as ear ornaments (KG, 1, 123). 
