676 ARTS AND CRAFTS OF GUIANA INDIANS [ETH, ANN. 38 
He-ubassa-arau (flat-quartz, creek), Winnikinni-arau, Maresa-arau, 
Mawanabu-arau, etc. Here also this grouping had no relation with 
regulating sexual unions. 
$81. There would appear to be some intimate relationship between 
an individual and his personal name of such nature that the very 
mention of it in his presence would be fraught with serious conse- 
quences. The name is deemed to be part and parcel of the individual, 
and the mention of it under those circumstances would put him in the 
power, as it were, of the person mentioning it. It is kept strictly 
secret and is known only to the family relatives and friends and to 
the piaiman. Even among family relatives, according to age and sex, 
one will address another as brother, sister, father, mother, son, or 
daughter, ete., or will speak of him or her as the father or mother, 
ete., of such an one. The mother addresses her child as mami (my 
child), and other children as suckling, missy, etc. One can never 
discover an Indian’s real personal name; he never divulges it, nor 
is he ever called by it. He is also known by some nickname or name 
of distinction for his prowess in war, hunting, or fishing (SR, 1, 324). 
Thus, the greatest demonstration of trust that an Indian can show a 
white man or Negro is to tell him his name. Frequently he clinches 
the business with the remark “ My name is Wokelu,” 1. e., man (PEN, 
1, 160). The same rule applied to both mainland (KG, 1, 184; m1, 
147) and Island Indians. Among the latter, if they wished to spe- 
cialize they would speak half the name, e. g., Mala, instead of saying 
Mala-Kaali, and Hiba for Hiba-lomon (RO, 451). [I can not 
refrain from mentioning here that in the case of certain animals 
the Arawak use different names according as they speak of them by 
day or by night. Thus, during the working hours a jaguar is aréa, 
but when darkness sets in itis kabadaro (claws). Similarly, kamudu, 
a boa constrictor, becomes akkara (a coil); yéshi, an armadillo, is 
paraphrased into andajika (anda, close; tejika, ear, i. e., ears close 
together), and so on. I know of nothing corresponding to this, how- 
ever, in the case of personal names.| So also when dead, the name 
of the deceased must not be mentioned (WER, v1, sec. 263). 
Among the Pomeroon Arawak the mother always gives the “ baby ” 
name first to her child, independently of the piai, who bestows 
the personal (secret) name subsequently. It is said that friends, 
brothers, and sisters may call them by these names, which stick to 
them throughout life, but it should be borne in mind that these 
Arawak have been in closer contact with Europeans than any of the 
other tribes. The following are some of the baby names given by 
the mother at birth: 
