678 ARTS AND CRAFTS OF GUIANA INDIANS [etH, ANN. 38 
man and woman, who take the place of sponsors, and pierce the child’s 
underlip, nostril. . . . The majority of the names which the Carib 
impose on their children are taken from their ancestors or from 
different trees which grow on the islands, or also from something 
that has happened to the father at the time of his wife’s pregnancy, 
or during her lying-in (RO, 552-553). The circumstances varied 
under which the name already given might be altered or added to 
(WER, vr, 263-266 4). Thus, a convalescent patient might start life 
afresh with a new name. Some Trio have two names, one reserved 
for friends, the other for strangers. De Goeje says that the Oyana 
might have two names, one for addressing the person and the other 
for referring to him when absent (GO, 26). Among the Surinam 
Carib some of the old men and women have travel names, which are 
used only on a journey. Thus, says Penard, one of our friends is 
called Atarwa, but his travel name is Aliensi, and his baptismal 
name Joseph. This nom de voyage serves especially to trick the evil 
spirits (sec. 791), for which of these gentry would ever think of look- 
ing for the practically unknown real Atarwa under the pseudonym 
of Aliensi, a name universally known? And as far as the baptismal 
name is concerned anyone may know this, because the Evil One is 
powerless against the baptism of the whites! (PEN, 1, 161). On 
the Carib Islands the names given to the male children shortly after 
birth were changed when old enough to be received into the rank 
of warriors, or if they had borne themselves bravely in battle 
and had killed an Arawak chief they took his name as a mark 
of honor (RO, 552-553). Both on the islands and on the main- 
land names were exchanged in testimony of great affection and 
inviolable friendship (RO, 513): “ When they want to make friends 
they ask for our names and give us theirs. To show affection and 
friendship they want us to exchange names” (PBR, 237-238). In 
Porto Rico “Juan Ponce de Leon, in fact, was received into the 
bosom of the family, and the cacique exchanged names with him, 
which is the Indian pledge of perpetual amity” (WI, 778). With 
the present-day Arawak and Warrau, among members of the same 
sex, it is of common occurrence, as proof of friendship and affection, 
not to exchange names but for the younger to adopt the name of the 
older one (sec. 807). The Island Carib have also in their drinking 
bouts or on occasions of public rejoicing some one appointed to give 
them a new name, whom they address after having drunk well: “1 
wish to be named. Name me!” one will say, whereupon the other 
immediately satisfies him and is rewarded with a present—a auartz- 
crystal or other article (RO, 552-553; WER, v1, sec. 265). 
882. Speaking of the Carib Islanders, Father de la Borde says: 
“An old man sometimes takes a young girl and an old woman 
