ADMINISTRATIVE REPORT 15 
The work was mainly on the antiquities of central Texas, 
where intensive work was much to be desired. Professor 
Pearce, who has charge of this work, believes that the mounds 
in this part of the State are kitchen middens and that they 
were connected with the first men who came into this region. 
He is also of the opinion that the culture which they repre- 
sent was much cruder than that of the historical Indians; 
that they knew nothing of polishing stone or of pottery 
making; and that for thousands of years they were the only 
occupants of the open prairies and plains of central and 
west Texas; and finally, that their life was little modified 
during the entire period of the formation of the mounds. 
Professor Pearce’s report is so promising of results that 
work in Texas will be continued another year. 
Although the aboriginal monuments called mounds and 
stone graves of the Cumberland Valley have been investi- 
gated by several well-known archeologists, it appears from 
the researches of Mr. W. E. Myer, of Nashville, that much 
remains to be discovered in this region. Under his guidance 
the chief visited the aboriginal mounds on the Harpeth 
River at Oldtown, Castalian Springs, and elsewhere. It 
was seen that while many of the smaller mounds have been 
plowed down by the cultivation of the land the larger ones 
still bear mute evidence of the industry of the builders of 
these structures and the magnitude of the population. 
Mr. Myer has transmitted to the bureau a manuscript 
on the antiquities of the Cumberland Valley, Tenn., the 
results of a lifelong devotion to the subject. 
Mr. Otto Mallery has presented to the bureau a valuable 
pueblo collection from the Chama region, New Mexico, 
made by Mr. J. A. Jeancon, who had charge of the work, 
and has transmitted a report which is now being prepared 
for publication. 
Mr. Gerard Fowke was given a small allotment for an 
archeological reconnaissance of the Hawaiian Islands. He 
began work in May and reports important results which it 
is too early to detail at this time. 
