ANNUAL REPORT 
OF THE 
BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY 
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 1922 
J. WALTER Frewkes, Chief 
Str: In response to your request I have the honor to sub- 
mit the following report on the field researches, office work, 
and other operations of the Bureau of American Ethnology 
during the fiscal year ended June 30, 1922, conducted in 
accordance with the act of Congress approved March 4, 
1921. The act referred to contains the following item: 
American ethnology: For continuing ethnological researches among 
the American Indians and the natives of Hawai, including the exca- 
vation and preservation of archeologic remains, under the direction of 
the Smithsonian Institution, including the necessary employees and 
the purchase of necessary books and periodicals, $46,000. 
The Indians of the United States are undergoing cultural 
changes which will in a short time so modify their material 
culture that little will be left in that line for the ethnologist 
to study. It is imperative that the bureau exert itself in 
every way to record the material culture and cult objects 
before the final change occurs. The objects illustrating this 
culture are now mainly preserved as heirlooms in ceremonies, 
and it is particularly desirable that these be described and their 
meanings interpreted before they pass out of use completely. 
FIELD RESEARCHES OF THE STAFF 
In 1904 the bureau inaugurated at Casa Grande a method 
of archeological work which has now been adopted by most 
of the institutions working in the southwestern part of the 
United States. Previous to this time archeologists rarely 
paid attention to the preservation of walls of ruins, but 
sacrificed these in their zeal to make as large collections of 
artifacts as possible. : 
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