ANNUAL REPORT 
OF THE 
BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY 
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 1923 
J. WALTER FrewKeEs, Chief 
Str: In response to your request I have the honor to sub- 
mit the following report on the field researches, office work, 
and other operations of the Bureau of American Ethnology 
during the fiscal year ended June 30, 1923, conducted in ac- 
cordance with the act of Congress approved June 12, 1922. 
The act referred to contains the following item: 
American ethnology: For continuing ethnological researches among 
the American Indians and the natives of Hawaii, including the ex- 
cavation and preservation of archeologic remains, under the direction 
of the Smithsonian Institution, including the necessary employees and 
the purchase of necessary books and periodicals, $44,000. 
The chief has endeavored to expend the sum of money 
allotted in as conservative and economical a manner as pos- 
sible, although confronted with many difficulties, among 
which is the increased cost of field work. Since the bureau 
was first organized expenses for its maintenance have 
greatly increased, and have doubled within the last 10 years. 
Several other tendencies of the times have limited the pro- 
duction of results. There has been a great awakening of 
interest in the treatment of certain Indian tribes by Govern- 
ment officials which has led to a corresponding increase in 
requests for our publications. Never before was there a 
greater demand for the published reports and bulletins of 
the bureau. The epoch-making discoveries in the Valley of 
the Tombs in Egypt have very greatly increased interest in 
the science of man and the desire for more accurate knowl- 
edge of prehistoric man in America is very keen. News- 
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