356 COILED BASKETRY IN BRITISH COLUMBIA (ETH. ANN. 41 
By far the most common shape is like an inverted truncated cone. 
The bottom is about half the diameter of the mouth and the height 
is greater than the width. When of large size it is called .ctkap; 
when medium tuksei; and when small size, tukseituksei. It was used 
for all kinds of purposes, such as carrying loads, packing on horses, 
and root gathering. Such shapes had no foot, and none were made 
with square mouths (as in those of the Lillooet, for instance). No 
rods were used on the bottom (like some Shuswap examples), nor 
around the rim (as among the Chileotin). A wider mouthed variety. 
shallower in proportion to its width, was formerly made and used as 
kettles. In some of these the bottom was as wide as the mouth. 
These varieties are now rarely seen. (Pls. 67-69. Pl. 68, 72, is a 
slightly different shape formerly common, and Plate 68, d, is one of 
the kettle type.) 
Another form very similar to the nut-shaped baskets of the 
Thompson is called lzta’i (J), in which the aperture was just large 
enough to admit the hand. They were of various sizes, the larger 
serving as water jars in the house. Plate 68, d, h, are specimens of 
these. A second variety with a neck called by the same name was 
used for carrying water (pl. 68, a, 6). An oblong form called .ké‘pa’i 
resembled the .stlak or trunk baskets of the Lower Thompson. It 
was called zzxn‘pi’n by the Wishram who formerly bought it in large 
quantities from the Klickitat. It was used particularly when travel- 
ing with horses, for carrying feathers and other things which might 
become crushed or broken. The larger sizes were generally used in 
the house, and in them were stored the best clothes and other valu- 
ables. The small ones which sometimes were made with lids often 
served as work baskets. Plate 67, k, 0, are specimens of these; also 
possibly Plate 71, d. Circular forms are not known as .ké‘pa’i bas- 
kets. Jxta’i (J) and .ké‘pa’i are seldom made nowadays. 
The Indians say that there has been no change in their method 
of making coiled basketry from the earliest times, nor in the character 
of the materials used. All the shapes formerly used are still made, 
although the output in some cases may now be greater or less. Prac- 
tically no new shapes haye come into vogue. Some people neverthe- 
less think the common .ctzka’p basket has been somewhat altered 
in shape within the last 30 or 40 years, and is now generally made with 
rather less width in proportion to height. The Klckitat think that 
some of the Shoshoni and Nez Percé formerly made some coiled ware, 
but it was not impricated. The Klickitat still make great numbers 
of baskets. Formerly certain families confined themselves mostly 
to weaving flexible pieces (wa’pas [J]). All the shapes of baskets 
known to the Klickitat were also made by the Cowlitz and neighbor- 
ing tribes west of the mountains, and as far as the informants are 
