BOAs] SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION } 375 
The Klickitat have preserved a remarkable conservatism in their 
art. Originally, they probably did not lie in the path of these cur- 
rents and countercurrents of travel, since they dwelt far to the south. 
They were not always occupied with coil work or imbrication, but 
learned the latter technique undoubtedly after their migration north- 
ward. Formerly they were in contact with Californian tribes, or at 
least with their products, as shown by the designs which, except on 
some of their twined bags, are almost entirely diagonal and in char- 
acter closely akin to Californian types of decoration. Coast influence 
is felt in a still different type of bag, namely, that plaited of strips 
of cedar bark. 
A comparison of the Klickitat twined work with that of California, 
and of Klickitat imbrication with that of the Salish tribes, proves 
beyond a doubt their former connections, even were these supposi- 
tions unsubstantiated by tradition. Klickitat twining is on a par 
with that of Californian and coast origin, but Klickitat imbrication 
is noticeably coarser and more uneven than that produced by the 
majority of Salishan tribes, while a comparison of the two types of 
technique as produced by the Klickitat alone shows plainly that im- 
brication is with them the newer. As in technique, so in decorative 
art, the Klickitat have drawn from three sources, but the conditions 
under which the different styles appear are very peculiar. The Cali- 
fornia designs and arrangements predominate on both imbricated 
baskets and twined bags, but the latter show a queer mixture of 
Californian and Plains influence. Considering the former location 
of the tribe, this is not altogether unexpected and at the same time 
extremely interesting because of the way in which it manifests itself. 
For the sake of clearness the bags will be discussed first separately. 
Some of these are illustrated in Plates 63-65. In the matter of 
design arrangement, horizontal bands suggest California styles while 
a vertical distribution, as in Plates 64, h, and 65, f, are rather a north- 
ern feature. Plains design elements, however, in addition to their 
ordinary vertical alignment, are placed in horizontal zones on some 
bags, after the California method. (Pl. 65, b.) On the other hand, 
California elements and consequently patterns retain their individu- 
ality chiefly because element and pattern seem to belong together in 
particular groupings, especially along diagonal lines or in horizontal 
zones, and do not lend themselves readily to vertical treatment, 
although theoretically it would be possible to break some of them up 
and rearrange them in vertical order. In spite of their widespread 
adoption of Plains designs, and their rearrangement of these according 
to their own styles of distribution, the Klickitat seem never to have 
attempted to combine them on the same bag with their own designs. 
On the contrary the two styles are quite distinct. The plaited bags 
are an almost negligible quantity and their designs are neither essen- 
53666°—28——25 
