BOS] SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 385 
patterns analogous to forms developed in weaving. In birch-bark 
basketry it is strictly confined to the rim; in coiled basketry it is 
easily transferred to the body of the walls and results largely in hori- 
zontal bands of single stitches or of starlike figures. Simple zigzags 
and other forms consisting of single lines may also occur. It may 
well be that the frequent occurrence of the imbricated star (see 
Sketches 399-401, pl. 86) is an immediate transfer from beading to 
imbrication. Itis more easily achieved in beading than in imbrication. 
The question arises how the desire for continuous surface decora- 
tion may have arisen. 
Both the Tlingit twined baskets and the Lillooet imbricated work 
have the lower part of the basket bare. The decoration is essentially 
confined to the upper portion of the walls, although it covers a large 
part of the basket. It is quite conceivable that we may have here 
an encroachment of a rim design upon the body of the basket, anal- 
ogous to similar encroachments that have occurred in other areas.” 
Mr. Teit and Miss Roberts have already pointed out that the custom 
of covering the upper part of birch-bark baskets with decorated skin 
may have helped in the development of this tendency. 
Birch-bark baskets as well as woven baskets require special treat- 
ment of the rim which protects it and holds it together. The stitches 
which hold the strengthening withe to the rim must be of different 
lengths in order to avoid the tearing of the bark. The regular 
arrangement of these stitches produces an ornamental effect. The 
extension of this technical ornamentation may have led to the 
encroachment of the decoration over the upper part of the basket. 
The fundamental development of the ornamentation must be 
considered in connection with the form of the basket. We have 
pointed out repeatedly that coiling and angular forms are incongruous. 
Simple coiling results in circular or oval forms. The production of 
angular forms seems to require a foreign stimulus. We must remem- 
ber that the fishing tribes of the northwest coast and of the plateaus 
are much more stable in their habits than the hunting tribes of the 
plains or those in the more southern plateaus, the Shoshoni and 
their relatives. Hence receptacles for storage are much more im- 
portant among them than among other tribes. Clothing, dried fish, 
berry cakes, and only to a limited extent seeds are stored. Long 
objects are best stored in rectangular receptacles like the trunk 
baskets of the Lillooet and Thompson, the boxes of the coast Indians, 
and the parfléches of the Plains Indians. The difference in the kind 
of material to be stored may account for the prevalence of round 
forms in northern California. It seems to me likely that the stimulus 
for the production of angular forms may have been given by the need 
7 See F. Adama van Scheltema, ‘‘ Die altnordische Kunst,’’ pp. 63 et seq. 
