46 THE SCOTTISH NATURALIST 
Douglas firs were attacked by the Toothed Pine-beetles, 
Pityogenes bidentatus and Tomicus acuminatus. In one Scots 
pine pole wood a tiny Bark-beetle, Pztyophthorus pubescens, 
occurred in large numbers on the twigs, causing the 
needles to turn yellow. Black and Brown Pine-beetles, 
Hylastes ater and Hylurgops palliatus, were found everywhere 
on Scots pine stumps. The occurrence of so many Bark- 
beetles in one locality is interesting and affords an idea 
of the number of species which, given favourable conditions, 
might prove harmful.” 
Such increases of numbers are typical of many, as 
for example, at Montreathmont Muir, near Auldbar, in 
Forfarshire, where the predominant species were the 
Pine-shoot Beetle and the Larger Banded Pine-beetle, 
Pissodes pint; in Aberdeenshire, where on Countesswells 
Estate the Large Pine-weevil and Pine-shoot Beetles 
had greatly increased in numbers, although the latter only, 
and especially JZ. mznor, predominated in the upper Dee 
valley; in Morayshire, where the outstanding feature was 
the prevalence of the Large Pine-weevil; in Peeblesshire, 
where this and the Black Pine-beetle were increasing ; and 
in Inverness-shire about Beauly, where the insect conditions 
much resembled those at Auldbar in Forfarshire. 
It was noticed that forest fires, which did considerable 
damage in Drumbuich and Drumvaich Woods in Perthshire, 
produced conditions which influenced insect life much as 
felling did, since they created extensive breeding-grounds 
for the Pine-weevil and the Pine-shoot Beetles; and an 
interesting correlation between two very different forms 
of life was noted in Peeblesshire, where the Large Banded 
and Brown Pine-beetles were found to be common wherever 
squirrels were numerous. Except for occasional outbreaks 
of the Large Larch Sawfly, WVematus erichsonz, and the 
Vapourer Moth, Orgyza antiqua, no evidence was obtained 
that the effects of the war had increased insects other than 
beetles in Scottish woods. 
Dr Munro’s survey led him to the conclusion that 
all fellings do not produce equivalent increases in insect 
life, for there was invariably a more marked development 
