15 
or 
10 
11 
15 
10 
728 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (ETH. ANN, 25 
to those who are going to die, those who see him; for he has the 
whole body|of a man, and his bones are those of people who have long 
been dead. It is not the same | as a soul, for they have no bones in 
their bodies, and they have no | blood, for the souls are just like 
smoke or shadows. || And they have no house besides our body, the 
body | of the soul-owner. That is the end. | 
T have seen Qasnomalas twice, and this is the first time I write 
about it. | 
Shamanism.—I will talk about the head shaman. | The “head 
shaman” is not nearly the same as the shaman of the Kwag'ul, for | 
the Kwag’ ul call the head man of the Sparrow Society “head shaman.” 
That is the same as q/entgladas (place-of-eating-songs) the one 
who has a head-ring of red cedar-bark and who never disappears (to 
be initiated) ; || that is the “head shaman” of the Kwag‘ul, and they 
also call him headman of the Sparrow Society. | He is not a shaman. 
However, the Nak !wax' da‘x" | use the name “head shaman” for the 
headman of the shamans—the head chief of the | shamans. They do 
not call the head of the Sparrow Society ‘head shaman;”’ | they call 
him Wadanrm. He is the head of the Sparrow Society of the 
Nak hwax'da‘x", || Gwa‘srla, Rivers Inlet tribe, the 1!ax!asiqwala, 
Gosg’imux", G' Ap !énox", Gwats !@énox", and 1 !asq !énox", all of these | 
Asmaé q!éq!ayakilaxés gwetyo qa dox*waLrlaq, yiqéxs senalatmaé 
brgwanrm LE‘wis xaqexa la giila Imla begwanema. K°!és hé 
ewex’sa brx‘itnafyaxs klefisaé xaxeq!egatya yixs k leas‘maaxat! 
plkwa, yixs Af_maé ya gwéx’sa bex‘imatya kwax‘ilax Letwa grag’6- 
mas. Wa, la k'!e4s g'ox"s dgitli lixens ok!wina‘yéx lax ok !wina- 
‘yas bex‘iinayede. Larm laba.”’ 
Len malp!ena doqtilax Qasnomalas Le‘wen gale k:!atatya.' 
Shamanism.—Hé*maweésLaLen gil gwigwex's‘alasLa ppexEmé yixs 
k-lésaé Lawagiléda pexemé lixa pixila laxa Kwag-ulé, yixs hée 
gwrtyfisa Kwagulé pexema‘tya gwésematyé, yix gwéx'sdemas 
q!emtq!adas, yixa qex'emakwasa- Liagekwexa héwixa x‘is‘éda. 
Wa, héem gwefyo prxemésa Kwag'ul. Wa, laxaé Léqrlaso's gwe- 
spma‘yé. Wi, laem k:‘!és paxila. Wa, hét!éda Nak!wax-da‘xwé 
LéqElas pExpmé axa pEXESmafyasés pepixila yix Ogumasfyas 
pepaxalis. Wa, li kes Léqrlas pexemé laxa gwésema‘yé, yix 
owkfyfis wadanrm qaxs hé‘mae gweéseEmésa Nak!wax'dafx" LEefwa 
Gwa‘spla Lefwa Awik:!énox" Lefwa L!aL!asiqwila Leewa Gosgimux" 
LEfwa Gp !énox" Lefwa Gwats!@nox" LE‘wa Llasq!énox". Hii‘starm 
1 The terms for ‘‘soul’’ among the various tribes are as follows:— 
bpx‘iinafyé (man on body) Kwag-ul 
bekwatyé (manhood) Gdsg:imux» 
q!0flayu (means of life) Dziwadrénox 
ts!ék!wa (bird) Liatlasiqwila 
begwinEmgemt (man’s mask) Nak! wax‘datxe 
hélavayu (means of healing) Awik:!énox 
