Bibliography 117 
orange growers obtained by personal interviews, has just been is- 
sued by Scipio Craig for the Redlands (Cal.) Orange Grove and 
Water Co. It is well worthy of a perusal at the hands of would- 
be-growers. : 
HIsToRICAL SOCIETY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA.—Annual 
publication of 1888-9. This issue is truly a_ historical pamph- 
let (fifty-five pages) containing no contributions to natural 
science, but of interest to the student of our State history, as it 
treats of some of the earlier political movements. 
JOHN HamiLton. Catalogue of the Coleoptera common to 
North America, Northern Asia and Europe, with distribution and 
bibliography. (Philadelphia, 1889;reprinted from Trans. Amer. 
Ent. Soc.) This valuable catalogue, enumerating as many as 
484 species of Coleoptera common to the northern regions of both 
hemispheres will be of great assistance to all students of geograph- 
ical distribution. 
The general conclusions to which the author is led by the 
abundant facts thus marshaled in orderly array are “that Europe 
and America were formerly as widely separated by water as they 
now are; that eastern and western North America were divided 
by water centrally (the north-eastern part probably submerged 
in whole or in part); that the area now occupied by Behring sea 
from Kamschakta to Alaska and far west of the Aleutian Islands was 
land and possessed a more temperate climate than at present.’ 
For he says ‘‘The large number of native species in common 
and the intimate relation between the Coleoptera of North-west- 
ern America and North-eastern Asia is brought out very promin- 
ently, while on the other hand the paucity of native common 
species on both the Atlantic Coasts is as plainly presented.’ This 
view, although contrary to that of many authors,is not new and is 
supported by many facts in distribution other than those presented 
by the Coleoptera. 
Among ferns we have Pteris serrulata common to North 
America and China—but on the other hand what is to be said ot 
Woodwardia radicans occurring at San Diego, Cal., and in 
Madeira? Among fishes the remarkable resemblance between the 
sturgeon of Asia and America (of the genera Scaphirhynchus 
and Polyodon) has been pointed out; of Phcenogamic plants, 
Fragaria vesca, although common to North America and Europe 
is found also in Japan, while W. O. Focke states that South 
Chinese and North Indian types of the genus Rubus occur in 
Mexico and Peru. These are only a few instances—many others 
of like nature might be given. Indeed, in an article on Cervus 
luchdorfi, the Asiatic representative of our wapiti, printed in 
‘“‘Nature” in 1881. we read that ‘“‘Taken in connection with other 
similar phenomena which have lately come to light, it tends to 
show very evidently that north America owes its many resem- 
blances to the Palcearctic fauna, not to any former land connection 
between Europe and North America, as was formerly supposed 
