70 EXPLORATION OF BURTON MOUND [ETH, ANN, 44 
three cold sulphur-water springs, impregnated from the Pleistocene 
deposits underlying the mound. 
Most interesting of all is the sulphur spring in the beach at the 
foot of Chapala Street. Sulphurous fresh water still runs from a 
certain spot on the beach there exposed by very low tides. The 
former Indians knew of this spring. 
The Burton well (see pp. 71-72) had an abundance of very good 
water, although only about 200 feet from the sulphur springs where 
the bathhouse was. Since most of the wells in the lower part of Santa 
Barbara were brackish or sulphurous, people living in the neigh- 
borhood used to come to get barrels of water at the Burton well. 
There was also a well of fairly good water on the inland side of 
the warehouse of the first wharf. 
Tur GrApING oF THE Burton Mounp 
Fortunately for our understanding of the grading of the Burton 
Mound, the men who had it in charge are still living and were thor- 
oughly interviewed. They are Milo M. Potter, J. M. Carter, and 
Marshall Hicks. José Ortega and several others furnished minor 
information. The grading was done in the years 1901 to 1903. Mr. 
Potter gave considerable attention to the correct estimation of detail 
in the various parts of the grounds. 
The tule swamp east of the mound was filled in largely with earth 
hauled from East Haley Street. The fill extended to the region south 
of the mound. During the latter part of the work earth was hauled 
from the west corner of the grounds, where the level of the soil was 
originally nearly 2 feet higher than that of the adjoining streets. 
Beach sand was used in part as a filling material under the concrete 
walks and drives, since it does not settle or shrink. 
Detection of the scraped surfaces gave us little trouble and we had 
excellent information as to their extent. 
Where the fill was made by scraping loam from the adjacent sur- 
face it caused more confusion. But most of the filled-in earth was 
from a distance and of a character different from that beneath. Sand 
filling presented, of course, no difficulty. 
Excayvatep AREAS 
During the season of 1923 test pits were sunk in practically every 
part of the Ambassador grounds and of the property of Mr. C. F. 
Eaton, adjoining the Ambassador property across Chapala Street 
to the east. Our principal finds, however, were made in four locali- 
ties only. (See fig. 2.) 
(1) Near the south corner of the Help’s Hall where we found the 
important cache of material buried by Mr. J. M. Carter in 1901. 
