HARRINGTON] DESCRIPTION OF THE ARTIFACTS 139 
There are two principal patterns of butts: (1) Knobbed with a 
groove around it; in many specimens the knob is elongated to form 
a straight shank around which the groove passes longitudinally.” 
(2) Knobless butt having a series of distinct notches.?° There are also 
intermediate types, and some specimens have adhesive still adher- 
ing to the butt. There are two patterns of point, the barbed and the 
unbarbed. Some points describe the are of a circle, others are con- 
siderably incurved. 
The material of the one-piece hooks of our present collection is 
the shell of the black abalone, red abalone, or mussel, and apparently 
deer bone. There are in Polynesia one-piece fishhooks of shell, bone, 
and stone, but none of the last-named substance have been found in 
southern California. 
ENTIRE FISHHOOKS 
Entire fishhooks of black abalone. Obverse dorsal. 34 mm. long, 20 mm. 
wide; shaft 6 mm. wide, 2.5 mm. thick. The outer edge at the butt contains 
two notches with centers 3 mm. and 7.5 mm. from the butt. (Pl. 23, 7.) 
Entire fishhook of red abalone. Obverse ventral. 86 mm. long, 32 min. wide, 
shaft 11 mm. wide, 3 mm, thick. Shank 30 mm, long. The ends of the shank 
are grooved but the groove does not extend along the sides of the shank. 
Entire fishhook of black abalone, 28 mm. long, 26 mm. wide, shaft, 7 mm. 
wide, 3.5 mm. thick. Shank 24 mm. long, with well-made groove extending 
entirely around it. (Pl. 28, k.) 
Entire fishhook of black abalone. Obverse ventral. 29 mm, long, 22.5 mm. 
wide, shaft 8 mm. wide, 2.5 mm. thick. Shank 22 mm. long. A rather poorly 
made groove runs completely around the shank. The extereme tip is broken off. 
Entire fishhook of black abalone. Obverse dorsal. 38 mm. long, 26 mm. wide, 
shaft 8 mm. wide, 3 mm, thick. Shank 30 mm. long. A groove passes entirely 
around the shank. 
Entire fishhook of black abalone. Obverse dorsal. 35 mm. long, 26 mm. wide, 
shaft 9 mm. wide, 3 mm. thick. Shank 8 mm. long. A narrow groove runs 
around the shank, 
Entire fishhook of bone. Obverse outside. 42 mm. long, 28 mm, wide, shaft 
9 mm. wide, 2.5 mm. thick. Shank 31 mm. long, with well-made groove passing 
entirely around it. 
Entire fishhook of black abalone. Obverse dorsal. 27 mm. long, 22 mm. wide, 
shaft 6 mm. wide, 2 mm. thick. Shank 24 mm. long. A well-made groove 
passes entirely around the shank. (PI. 23, 1.) 
Entire fishhook of black abalone. Obverse dorsal. 28 mm. long, 20 mm. wide, 
shaft 7 mm. wide. Shank 22 mm. long. A narrow groove runs entirely around 
the shank. 
Entire fishhook of black abalone. Obverse outside. 16 mm, long, 11 mm. wide, 
shaft 2.6 mm. wide, 1.75 mm. thick. Shank 7.5 mm long. A well-made groove 
runs neatly around the shank. (PI. 23, j.) 
FISHHOOK FRAGMENTS 
Butt fragment of black abalone fishhook, 29 mm, long, 4 mm. wide, 2.5 mm. 
thick. Outer edge at butt contains three notches with center 1 mm., 3.5 mm., 
and 7 mm. from end of butt. Strong and well made. Dark slate color. 
* KE. g., Putnam, op. cit., Pl. XXIII, j, k, 1. 2K. g., ibid., Pl, XXIII, ¢. 
